Complex Civilizations Test
Pre-Columbian America all of history before Christopher Columbus arrived in the Americas surplus more food than what is needed or used nomads people who roam from place to place usually in search of food famine extreme shortages of food specialization having a special skill or job irrigation the artificial supply of water to land for crops civilization a group of people with the same way of life, a society caste system being born into a certain status or rank in a society without being allowed to move up Meso- America the area around Central America to Nicaragua where Pre- Columbian civilizations flourished Olmecs also known as “The Mother Civilization” Today this city is known as Mexico City. Although to the Aztecs, this city was formally know as..... Nahuatl Machu Picchu Tenochtitlan Quinoa Why do some historians believe the Mayans were war-like? Mayans are still very war-like to this day. They found fortifications around their cities. They used human sacrifices in most of their religious ceremonies. They would fight using llama, not horses. What would the Incas do if they wanted a smaller tribe to join theirempire? Offer them power and riches if they joined peacefully Invade them immediately with their large army Assassinate their chief Kidnap their chief's children Why were roads and bridges so important to the Inca empire? Choose the best answer. Their construction provided important jobs for the empire's citizens They served as examples of the empire's wealth, inspiring awe in newly conquered people They made it easier for messengers, soldiers, and tradesmen to move across large areas They allowed horses to easily cross the Andes Mountains for the first time. For what reason did the first people go from being just hunters, to hunter-gatherers? Mammoths, their larger meat source, became extinct They preferred to eat nuts and berries over meat Turning to agriculture was the smarter, healthier choice They were sick of traveling after their food and wanted to stay in one place How was the Inca tax system different from ours? The Inca empire had no tax system; we do The Inca empire's tax system changed every few years; ours is constant The Incas paid taxes in cloth and grain; we pay taxes with money The Incas paid taxes in labor; we pay taxes with money How did the Inca army compare to Francisco Pizarro's army? Pizarro's army was bigger than the Inca army Pizarro's army had more weapons than the Inca army Pizarro's army had deadlier weapons than the Inca army Pizarro's army had fewer horses than the Inca army Why did some civilizations turn to step farming? It provided an effective way to farm on an incline. They wanted to live in the mountains and step farming was more appealing to the eye. It was easier to get up the mountain with steps. It helped to keep their city clean. Long periods of drought could affect an entire civilization. Which of the follow would NOT be an effect of a drought? Tribes could become more war-like. They might have to move to a better area for farming. Famine may occur and the civilization could die out. They would turn to the slash and burn method to help them survive. Why might the Incas have chosen to live in the mountains? There was an abundance of llamas in the mountains, and they needed them to help deliver supplies. The mountains provided excellent protection against their enemies. The cold air was good for their skin. The chasquis, or messengers, preferred to travel in the mountains. Slash and burn may have been one of the reasons the Mayans died out because…. Slash and burn only worked if the forest was near a swampy area. After 3-5 years, slash and burn would deplete the soil of nutrients, which would eventually result in famine. After 3-5 years, insects would infect the crops, which would eventually cause a drought. Slash and burn only worked when there was a surplus of food. Maya CivilizationChoose one word or phrases from below to explain as thorough as possible.Famineslash and burncaste systemhieroglyphics Aztec CivilizationChoose one wordor phrases from below to explain as best as possible.the color redsocceruniversal educationchinampas (floating gardens) Inca CivilizationChoose one wordor phrases from below to explain as best as possible.Machu Picchuchasquisskilled masons (stone walls)bon fires Choose either the Maya, Aztec, OR Inca Civilization and explain how that society ended or theories of how it ended. (4 point answer) Name 4 criteria that makes a society complex. (4 point answer) The main reason for any successful, complex society was due to a _ of food! surplus