DNA Replication + CUA 3 Review

Use the word bank below to fill in the blanks. Use the spelling (NO capitals) shown. nitrogen base hydrogen bond phosphate group deoxyribose sugar deoxyribose sugar phosphate nitrogen base hydrogen bond Fill in the correct blanks for the statements below: Guanine (G), cytosine (C), adenine (A), and thymine (T) are the four nitrogen bases found in DNA. DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. Chargaff’s rule states that A will always pair with T and C will always pair with G. Match the given base with its complimentary (correct) base. Adenine Thymine Cytosine Guanine The shape of DNA is called what? Is it a single or double strand? helicase; single double helix; double double helix; single replication fork; single Where is DNA found in eukaryotic organisms? cytoplasm mitochondria nucleus chloroplast Where is DNA found in prokaryotic organisms? nucleus mitochondria chloroplast cytoplasm Mrs. Ward has 3 axolotls with different color morphs, which are an inherited trait. Why do the axolotls have different colors even though they are the same species? the axolotls have different numbers of chromosomes the axolotls have different diets the axolotls live in different environments the axolotls have different nucleotide sequences What is a nucleotide? a fancy enzyme monomer of proteins and lipids monomer of DNA, consists of deoxyribose sugar, phosphate, and a nitrogen base enzyme of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells Use the word bank to label the correct parts of the diagram below. phosphate group deoxyribose sugar nitrogen base phosphate group deoxyribose sugar nitrogen base What characteristic is shared by plant cells, animal cells, bacteria cells and viruses? they all have a cell wall they all contain genetic material they all have a nucleus locomotion To mark a word click its first letter then click its last. NUCLEOTIDE POLYMERASE PROKARYOTE EUKARYOTE PHOSPHATE CYTOSINE HYDROGEN SUGAR CHARGAFF'S RULES Use the information given to calculate the correct percentages for thymine, adenine, and guanine. Type your answer in the boxes in the table below. Nitrogen Base (Total) % Cytosine 20% Thymine 30% Adenine 30% Guanine 20% Where does DNA replication occur in Eukaryotic cells? in the ribosomes only wherever there is DNA in the mitochondria only in the nucleus only The gene for green fluorescence (GFP) in a species of axolotls can be placed into bacteria and the bacteria will then also express (show) the gene for green fluorescence and glow a bright green color under a UV black light. Why is a gene from one species also able to be seen in an organism from a different species? The bacteria express the axolotl GFP gene because they are the same species Because bacteria evolved from jellyfish and it’s easy for them to express that gene The bacteria express the axolotl GFP gene because all organisms share the same genetic code The bacteria naturally possess the genetics to glow in the dark - they just needed some encouragement DNA is found in the cells of all living organisms. Using the word bank, organize the words below into the two categories provided (Has DNA and Does NOT have DNA). Word Bank:Oak Tree Bacteria Elephant Soil COVID-19 virus Sunflower Snow Has DNA Oak Tree Bacteria Elephant COVID-19 virus Sunflower Does NOT have DNA Snow Soil What type of bond holds the nitrogen bases together when they bond? nucleotide bond hydrogen bond carbon bond ribose sugar bond Which of the following represents the 1st step of DNA Replication? Polymerase reads the strands and adds new nucleotides to both unzipped strands 2 semi-conservative DNA strands are produced DNA is unzipped by the enzyme helicase DNA is unzipped by the enzyme lipase A diagram of the DNA Replication process is below. Use the phrases provided to correctly identify the 3 main steps of Replication. Polymerase reads strands and adds new nucleotides to both separated strandsDNA is unzipped by helicaseTwo semi-conservative DNA strands are produced DNA is unzipped by helicase Polymerase reads strands and adds new nucleotides to both separated strands Two semi-conservative DNA strands are produced A segment of DNA is shown below. Which base sequence correctly completes DNA Strand 2? A T A C G T C T C A G T G C T A T G C A T G C G T A C G Which table below shows two of the three correct steps of DNA replication? Fill in the blanks: The sequence of the nitrogen bases in a DNA strand determines the traits of an organism. If a molecule has a nucleotide that consists of a sugar, nitrogen base, and a phosphate, what is it called? complex carbohydrate nucleic acid lipid protein If a chromosome from a horse is shown to be 20% guanine, how much cytosine is in the chromosome? 15% 20% 45% 30% If a chromosome from a pet goat is shown to be 15% adenine, how much guanine is in the chromosome? 20% 40% 35% 15% How are oak trees, rabbits, and pond algae similar? They are all prokaryotic organisms They all have the same number of genes They all belong to the same classification kingdom They all contain DNA made up of the same four types of nucleotides A diagram of the DNA Replication process is shown below. Where along the parent DNA strand does creation of the new strand take place? where the DNA is zipped up at the replication fork at the end of the DNA strand at the beginning of the DNA strand