Using the Periodic Table, Families and Trends

Master Periodic Table Families & Trends! Learn element properties, atomic numbers, and group characteristics.

Why are some of the boxes on the periodic table colored blue and some yellow? The blue boxes are ions and the yellow isotopes. The blue boxes are nonmetals and the yellow metals. The blue boxes are silver and the yellow are gold. Look at the above pictures and fill in the blanks. The Periodic table is arranged in rows and columns. The rows are called periods and the columns are called groups. As you read across each period from left to right the elements are placed in order of their atomic number. They atoms also increase in their atomic mass. Hydrogen atoms have the smallest mass, then helium atoms , then lithium atoms. Properties of metals and non-metals What can you remember about metals and non-metals? Arrange the following into the correct groups. Metals Soild at room temperature High boiling point High melting point High density (they feel heavy for their size) Strong Malleable Good conductor of heat Good conductor of electricity Ductile Make a ringing sound when hit Non-metals Dull Can be solid liquid or gas at room temperature Low density (They feel light for their size) Poor conductors of heat Poor conductors of electricity Make a dull sound when hit Metal or Non-metal Look at the pictures above. State whether each image shows a metal or a non metal and give 2 reasons for your answer. Picture Metal Reason 1 Reason 2 A B C D E F The number of shells is the same as the period number! Trends and predictions Look at the periodic table below Use what you know about the periodic table. Can you make the following predictions? Question Prediction Which has a bigger atomic number lithium (Li) or potassium (K)? Which has a bigger atomic number fluorine (F) or bromine (Br)? Which has a bigger mass number argon (Ar) or neon (Ne)? Which has a bigger mass number chlorine (Cl) or bromine (Br)? How many shells are there in an atom of helium (He) How many shells are there in an atom of zinc (Zn) How many shells are there in an atom of potassium (K) Families of the Periodic Table Match the family with some of its characteristics. Noble Gases The most stable family with a full set of valence electrons Alkali Metals The most reactive group on the left side of the periodic table with one valence electron Halogens The most reactive nonmetal on the right side of the periodic table with 7 valence electrons Alkaline Earth Metals Fairly reactive metals with two valence electrons Transition Metals A large group of elements that fill the middle of the periodic table Lanthanides and Actinides Radioactive elements that are on the bottom of the periodic table Metalloids Elements on the "stair step" of the periodic table that have some metallic and some nonmetallic properties