7th Grade CA Review Part II -->3B

UNIT 3!Use the excerpt below and your knowledge of social studies to answer the question.Which major success of the Articles of Confederation is described in the excerpt above? The passage of the Northwest Ordinance The elimination of slavery from the United States The formation of the first representative government America gaining its independence from Great Britain The Anti-Federalists’ biggest argument against ratification (approval) of the Constitution was that — it took too much power away from the federal government and gave too much power to the state governments representatives in Congress were more likely to come from the higher social classes and wouldn’t adequately represent all of the citizens the United States was too large to be effectively governed by a centralized government instead of state governments it lacked a bill of rights to clearly outline the rights of the people that the government had to protect Which of the following were weaknesses of theArticles of Confederation for the United States?IIIIIIIVThe United States could not pay off its debt from the American Revolution.The federal government could not solve disputes between states over foreign trade.The federal government could not effectively put down rebellions of the people.The federal government could not declare war against any country who might try to invade. II and IV only III only I and II only I, II, and III only Compromise and Plan Matching Correctly match the vocabulary word with the correct definition. Virginia Plan based on sate population: support large states New Jersey Plan based on the equal representation of the states; supports small states Great Compromise national Congress should consist of two houses: one in which representation is based on population, and one in which states are equally represented House of Representatives based on the states population Senate based on equal representation Which of the following correctly identifies the branches of government represented by X and Y in the chart above? X – executive; Y – judicial X – judicial; Y – legislative X – legislative; Y – judicial X – executive; Y – legislative All of the following are powers of Congress EXCEPT — make laws declare war maintain a military appoint Supreme Court justices Matching Vocabulary Match the vocabulary word to the correct definition. popular people sovereignty power republicanism citizens can elect who represents them (voting) federalism shared power between state and federal government centralism power is controlled through federal (national) government only checks and balances To prevent any one branch of the federal government from becoming too strong Read the sentences carefully and choose the best word to complete the statement. There are three levels of government. Federal which controls the entire United States. State controls what happens in only their state. Local is in charge of all city issues. America's first plan of government was the Articles of Confederation. It created a legislative branch to make the laws, but it did not create an executive branch to enforce the laws or a judicial branch to determine if laws were legal. Ths caused the Articles of Confederation to be a weak form of government.Each State was treated equally in Congress and given one vote. Congress was only given the power to declare war and make peace and conduct foreign affairs.One positive outcome of Articles of Confederation was the North West Ordinance. It described how the Northwest Territory would be divided into states, guaranteed freedom of religion and educational opportunities, and stop the spread of slavery for a short time. Why did the framers choose to include a system of checks and balances in the US Constitution? To enable rapid change in government policies to meet emergencies To provide ordinary citizens with a voice in their national government To prevent any one branch of the federal government from becoming too strong To permit states to nullify unconstitutional acts of Congress The constitutional principle of federalism is best reflected by which of the following amendments? First Amendment Fifth Amendment Seventh Amendment Tenth Amendment Which of the following are true about the principle of federalism?I The federal government controls issues that impact the entire country. II The state governments control issues that could differ from state to state. III The federal and state governments share the power to collect taxes. IV The federal and state governments share the power to declare war. I only I and II only I, II, and III only I, II, III, and IV The Constitution was the first plan of government for the United States after the American Revolution. This document gave more power to the state governments . The weaknesses of this document included:Inability to charge taxes to pay off war debt, Inability to keep an army to protect the nation, Lack of a national currency with actual value that could be used for tradeTo fix these problems, state representatives gathered at the Constitutional Convention to create a new plan for the government. Two groups emerged: the Federalists and Anti-Federalists. The Federalist supported ratifying the Constitution and creating a strong national government. The Anti-Federalist did not want to approve the Constitution unless a Bill of Rights was added to protect individual rights. Without the support of the Anti-Federalists, the Constitution could never be ratified. Which principle of the U.S. government is illustrated by the sequence shown above? Judicial review Checks and balances Popular sovereignty Federalism A certain small town has many choices for people who want to attend religious services, including two churches, a synagogue, a cathedral, a mosque, and a temple. These choices are protected by the — First Amendment Third Amendment Sixth Amendment Eighth Amendment UNIT 4!SPANISH CASTE SYSTEM Correctly label the spanish Caste System rating there importance based on their race and heritage.Uses the vocabulary words below.CriollosPeninsularesNative Americans and AfricansMestizos Peninsulares Criollos Mestizos Native Americans and Africans 1. Who paid the highest taxes in the Spanish Caste System?2. Who paid the lowest amount of taxes in the Spanish Caste System? Answer the two questions in complete sentences. Why was the Spanish Caste System unfair? Answer must be in a complete sentence. MULTIPLE CHOICE PRACTICE“A terrible stain which we shall know how to wash away with our efforts. The moment of our freedom has arrived, the hour of our liberty has struck; and if you recognized its great value, you will help me defend it from the [determined] grasp of the tyrants.”- 1810The speaker of the quote above is most likely — King George III of Great Britain Father Hidalgo King José I of Spain Thomas Jefferson Which of the following is NOT true about Father Hidalgo? Father Hidalgo gave the famous Grito de Dolores speech was an Anglo Father Hidalgo was a criollo priest Father Hidalgo was compared to other revolutionaries like Thomas Paine A similarity between the American Revolution and the Mexican War for Independence would include — both groups of colonists rebelled because of unfair taxes both groups of colonists rebelled because of a hierarchy of social classes both groups of colonists rebelled against the Spanish monarchy both groups of colonists rebelled against their mother country at the same time How did the Spanish encomienda system compare to the plantation system in the Southern colonies?IIIIIIThe encomienda system and the plantation system were very different because Native Americans were paid a fair wage through the encomienda system and slaves were forced to work for free.The encomienda system initially used Native Americans as slaves while the plantation system used Africans as slaves.The encomienda system and the plantation system were very similar because both enslaved a group of people and forced them to work for a specific master or owner for free. II only I and II only II and III only I, II, and III Which of the following statements best supports the argument below?“Overall, the Spanish missionary system had a mostly negative effect on Native Texans.” The mission system helped trade between Native Texans and missionaries. Native Texans were given new and more fertile land as more missions were established. Many Native Texan groups’ traditions and rituals were no longer practiced. Buffalo herds were not impacted by the Spanish mission system. Unit 3,4, 5 MATCHING conquistadores The individuals that Spain sent to the New World to claim land and find natural resources were Bering Strait land bridge made of ice connecting North America to Asia. empresario An individual who is given the right to settle on land in exchange for recruiting and taking responsibility for new settlers spanish caste system unfair tax system based on race and heritage spanish encomienda spanish slavery system, where native Americans were used british plantation system labor system that used West African slaves Explore: Read the text below, then complete the graphic organizer.Father Hidalgo was a Criollo, a Catholic priest, and a rebel. He had worked on missions, where he witnessed the mistreatment of Native Americans. He became aware of all the ways Mestizos, Native Americans, and Africans were being oppressed, and felt the Spanish government was to blame.Hidalgo and other rebel leaders began planning a revolt. They planned to strike in December 1810, and began gathering weapons and recruiting soldiers. However, their plans were cut short when on September 15, they received word that the Spanish government had discovered their plan. Hidalgo realized that it was time to strike. At 6:00am on September 16, 1810, Hidalgo ordered for the church bells to be rung, awaking workers in the nearby fields. The people gathered together at the church, and Father Hidalgo delivered his famous speech.It is unknown exactly what Father Hidalgo said in Grito de Dolores, but his words inspired thousands of people to join the independence movement, and within weeks he had an army large enough to threaten Mexico City itself. For nearly a year, Hidalgo fought alongside Criollos and Mestizos, battling the Spanish forces. His revolution was short-lived, when he was captured and executed in 1811, but he is still known as the “Father of Mexican Independence” for his contributions to the war. Read the passage above and answer the following questions in a complete sentence. QUESTIONS1. Why father Hilago so important? ( what was he able to do?2. What is he known as?3. What is the name of his famous speech? What is one takeaway you learned?