CP: Intro to Chemistry: Quiz

The Scientific Method Problem solving - match the step to its purpose Purpose A statement of what problem is being solved or what the person is trying to understand Research Checking out what is already known about the problem or idea being explored Hypothesis A statement: If; then; because. A clear summary of what you expect to happen and why Experiment An attempt to observe what actually happens when variables are applied to a problem. Analysis A thorough look at the outcome(s) of an experiment in order to understand the cause and effect relationship Conclusion A decision about the results of an experiment and discussion of its validity and relevance. Pick the best word to fill in the blanks. Chemistry is the study of matter. Matteris anything that has mass and takes up space. Mass is sometimes used interchangeably with the word "weight". Mass is a measurement of how much matter is present, while weight is the measurement of mass with respect to gravity. Weight depends on your location, but mass is the same everywhere! Long ago scientists believed in only four elements. All things were made from Earth, Air, Fire, or Water. Combining these elements would result in some obvious change, so these early scientists, called Alchemists, believed that one substance could be changed into another by manipulating the elements. Their big goal was to change some base metal like iron or lead into gold. They were correct that combining elements can cause changes in properties, but it is not actually possible (YET?) to change lead into gold! In modern Chemistry we study both the Macroscopic and the Microscopic properties of matter. We can see and use Macroscopicinformation without using tools, but Microscopicproperties require tools because they are so small. There are 5 basic areas of Chemistry. PhysicalChemistry involves the study of macroscopic properties. Chemical reactions would fall under this field. Organicchemistry is the study of substances that include Carbon, which is often found in living things. Inorganicchemistry is an area of study that generally does not include carbon, and can be seen in our use of technology. AnalyticalChemistry focuses on the microscopic aspects of elements. The composition of matter is a primary focus. Finally, Biochemistsare interested in how chemistry is utilized by living systems to automatically achieve tasks without the involvement of the brain or nervous system.As with any advancement of human knowledge, increases in understanding of chemistry involves the use of observations and logic. Inductive reasoninginvolves observing lots of examples, and coming to a general conclusion that may not be true. Drop something on Earth, and inductive reasoning says it will fall downwards. Deductive reasoningis a little different as it involves making a conclusion based on several observed examples. This information will lead to a conclusion that is always true. Which field of chemistry is it? Sort these examples into the correct choice. Hint - each category gets 3 items! Physical Chemistry Speed of Chemical Reactions Electricity becomes Light Battery Improvement Organic Chemistry Fossil fuels Soot, Pencil Lead, and Diamonds Different types of Plastic Inorganic Chemistry Liquid Crystal computer displays Wifi signals Memory sticks Analytical Chemistry Periodic Table patterns Microscopic structure of Bubbles What elements are in water? Biochemistry Hormones Blood types Insulin for Diabetes Sort these examples into their proper categories. These are examples of Chemistry uses in the Real World. Can you figure out where they belong? Energy Gasoline for a car Dynamite! Batteries Hand warmers Medicine Chemotherapy Aspirin Worm Spit (aka Silk) Agriculture Desalination A spray that kills Poison Ivy Nitrogen fixation (bacteria!) Materials Silk in Fashion Kevlar Ceramics 3D Printer "inks" Environment Hazardous Waste Disposal Lead Paint Eating Tuna Fish Vocabulary Check Match the phrase to the best definition based on Chemistry! Alchemy Early attempts at Chemistry. Robert Boyle Father of Chemistry Gravity the attraction between any two objects whose strength depends on size and distance Pure Chemistry Study for the purpose of discovering new information Applied Chemistry An attempt to solve a problem or achieve a desired goal. Lab Report A very clear communication of the results of using the Scientific Method. What is 6.02 x 1023 in normal numbers? 60.23 A really big number 602 followed by 21 zeros Both B and C Change 0.00759 to scientific notation. 7.59 x 10-3 759 x 10-5 A really small number Both A and C What is the correct answer to the following math problem?Convert 1.57L to mL .00157 mL 1,570 mL 1.57 X103 L 15.7 x 102 mL For the above question, using dimensional analysis, what is the correct conversion factor to use? 1L mL 1.57L mL 1,000 mL 1,000 mL You have just completed a lab where you produced one gram of Aspirin. If you started with 776.67 grams of salicylic acid, which reported amount of Aspirin is correct based on significant figures? 1.00 g Aspirin 1.0000 g Aspirin 1.0 x 105 g Aspirin There is not enough information to answer the question.