Unit 1 Scientific Investigation and 4 Spheres Study Guide

1. 4 Spheres Match the name of each sphere in the middle column.Match the description of each sphere in the right column. Picture Name of Sphere Description Hydrosphere water Atmosphere air Biosphere life Lithosphere rocks 2. Biotic vs. Abiotic Fill in the Blank All the living things in an environment are called biotic factors. Examples include plants, animals and bacteria. All the non-living things in an environment are called abiotic factors. Examples include rocks, water, and sunlight. 3. Biotic vs. Abiotic Examples Sort Sort the examples into Biotic Factors or Abiotic Factors. Biotic Factors dog bacteria Abiotic Factors rock metal ice 4. A student planted 50 seeds and gave each seed the same amount of water, lightand heat. She measuredthe plants every 3 days to see which seeds grew the fastest. This is an example of a – observation hypothesis experiment conclusion 5. A scientist observes more insects when the ground is wet. What is his next step? Write a hypothesis Share his results Complete an experiment Write a conclusion 6. You should write your hypothesis afteryou do your experiment. true false 7. Scientific Method Vocab Matching Match each term to its definition. Directions for an experiment procedure Thing I change in an experiment independent variable Something that stays the same for all groups in an experiment constant Guess of what will happen in an experiment hypothesis Group that receives no treatment or the “normal” treatment control group Summary of your results conclusion Thing I measure in an experiment that happens because of the independent variable dependent variable Juan notices that plants grow towards sunlight. He wonders if the amount of sunlight affects how tall plants grow. His hypothesis says, “If plants get more light, then they will grow taller.” He plants 20 plants. 5 plants get no light, 5 plants get 4 hours of light per day, 5 plants get 8 hours of light per day and 5 plants get 12 hours of light per day. Juan measures the height of the plants every other day for 2 months. 8. What is Juan's independent variable (what he's changing)? 9. What is Juan's dependent variable (what he's measuring)? 10. What are 3 constants in Juan's experiment? Laura learned that the polar ice is melting. She wonders if the salt in the ocean water affects how quickly the ice melts. To test her hypothesis, she made 3 cups of water. One cup had regular water, one cup got a little salt, and one cup got a lot of salt. Laura put an ice cube in the cup and measured how long it took the ice to completely melt. She did this for all cups of water and recorded her data in the table below. 11. What is Laura's independent variable (what she's changing)? 12. What is Laura's dependent variable (what she's measuring)? 13. Write Laura's hypothesis. If _ (IV), then _ (DV). 14. Which is the correct graph for Laura's data? A B C 15. Laura's Conclusion Laura’s hypothesis was if she increased the amount of salt, then ice would melt more slowly. In her experiment, ice melted the slowest when there was a lot of salt in the water. Laura's hypothesis was correct.