Fungi Kingdom

Add activity 12 to your table of contents and title it Fungi kingdom. The title of each section should be your topic title in your notebook. If the font is red, copy this into your science notebook. Characteristics of Fungi The kingdom Fungi contains a variety of organisms. All are heterotrophs. All but one type- the yeasts- are multi-cellular. Fungilive in many environments, including seawater. Most live in soil or on decaying matter. Most fungi arenot able to move from one location to another. Probably the most familiar fungi are mushrooms and molds. Fungi Obtaining Energy All fungi need to take in food for energy, they are heterotrophs. They obtain food from different sources, but all fungi digest their food outside of their bodies before they can absorb it. A saprophytic fungusfeeds on decaying organisms, such as dead plants and animals. These fungi recycle nutrients in the soil. A parasitic fungusfeeds on a living organism and cause harm to it Parasitic fungi are responsible for diseases such as athlete's foot and Dutch elm disease. A symbiotic fungus also feeds on a living organism, but it does not cause harm. In many cases,it provides a benefit (a good thing). Many symbiotic fungi live on plant roots. They provide minerals and water to the plant in exchange for nutrients from the plant's photosynthesis. They kind of help each other out.Athlete's footDutch Elm Disease Structures for Reproduction In addition to classifying fungi by how they get energy, you can classify fungi by the structures they use for reproduction, which are called fruiting structures. Fruiting structures come in many sizes, shapes, and colors. Some grow above ground. Some grow below ground. All fruiting structures produce spores, which grow into new fungi.The umbrella-shaped structures of the mushroom shown below is a fruiting structure. Fungi Responding to the Enviro Like all living things, fungi respond to stimuli in their environments. Some types of fungi grow toward light early in their development. This response is calledphototropism. They may also grow in the same direction as the force of gravity or in the opposite direction. Recall that gravity is a downward pull. A response to gravity is calledgravitropism. Fungi respond to stimuli using structures called hyphae. Hyphaeare long, thing strands that grow like roots and absorb nutrients and water. Hyphae grow toward water, food sources, and reproductive structures of other fungi. A myceliumis a group, or mass, of hyphae. A mycelium can grow to become a thick underground mat covering many acres. Classify the Fungi with how it obtains energy Saprophytic fungi Feed on decaying organisms Parasitic fungi Feed on living organisms, causing harm to the organisms Symbiotic fungi Feed on living organisms, causing a benefit or no harm to the other organisms Which best summarizes the relationship between mycelia and hyphae? Mycelia are made up of hyphae. Mycelia provide food for hyphae. Mycelia rae the response to hyphae to a stimulus. Mycelia and hyphae are two similar species of fungi Which correctly describes both phototropism and gravitropism in fungi? a form of movement involving hyphae a method of obtaining food from a host a response to an environmental stimulus a structure involved in reproduction and movement Mushroom Label the mushroom's fruiting body and hyphae (spelling counts) Fruiting body Hyphae