Test: Cold War

1) Use the quote to answer the question."From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the Continent."— Winston Churchill, 1946What was the "iron curtain" that Churchill referred to in this quotation? a dark and gloomy mood that was felt throughout postwar Europe an invisible line that divided communist Europe from Western Europe the Berlin Wall that surrounded the western zones of occupation in Berlin the separation between the industrialized world and the developing world 2) What was one difference between Eastern and Western nations in Europe during the Cold War? Citizens of democratic nations had less political freedom and economic opportunity than citizens in communist nations. Citizens of democratic nations had more political freedom and economic opportunity than citizens in communist nations. Governments of democratic nations more strictly controlled the lives of citizens than governments of communist nations. Governments of democratic nations more strictly controlled major industries than the governments of communist nations. 3) Why was the conflict between the United States and Russia during the second half of the twentieth century referred to as the "Cold War"? The only direct battles between the two countries were fought in the winter. The conflict was more about a competition to reach space than political differences. Most battles of the conflict were fought in the frigid climate of the Soviet Union. While the nations were hostile to one another, they did not directly engage in warfare. 4) Which of the following BEST explains why the Berlin Airlift was necessary? Valuable natural resources throughout Berlin were being destroyed by its residents. The residents of Berlin had to be evacuated from the city due to widespread violence. Great Britain requested military assistance to help the nation defend its section of Berlin. The Soviet Union limited movement throughout Berlin and cut off access to necessary supplies. 5) Use this quote to answer the question.“When the Soviet Union first blocked supplies from getting to us, I was afraid that we were going to starve to death. Hearing the planes from the west everyday made me feel so much better.”-Helda Schmidt, 11 year old German resident in 1948What event is being described by the quote? Berlin Airlift Iron Curtain World War II The Cold War 6) Why did the United States fight in the Korean War? The United States wanted to protect Americans living in South Korea following a North Korean invasion. The United States had an alliance with North Korea to defeat Communism if it spread into their nation. The United States wanted to prevent North Korea from taking over South Korea and spreading Communism. The United States and Western European nations to protect their interests in the Korean Peninsula against Communism. 7) What factor contributed the MOST to the United States' failure to secure a victory in the Korean War? The United Nations refused to support the war. Most South Koreans favored communism over capitalism. North Korea developed and used nuclear weapons in combat. Communist nations like China provided troops and weapons to North Korea. 8) What was the purpose of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) when it was formed? Help reunify East Germany and West Germany. Help European colonies gain their independence. Discourage the United States from using nuclear weapons. Discourage the Soviet Union from taking aggressive actions. 9) What was Senator Joseph McCarty known for in the 1950's? Creating fear and paranoia that Communist spies were living and working in the US Supporting the Vietnam War. Fighting in the Korean War. Supporting a stance of isolationism in the Korean War. 10) In the 1950s and 1960s, this world leader issued threats toward democratic nations but tried to avoid direct military conflict. Adolf Hitler John F. Kennedy Winston Churchill Nikita Khrushchev 11) How did Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev bring the United States and the Soviet Union closer than it had ever been before? He blocked Western aid from reaching West Berlin. He ordered the placement of missiles in Cuba. He attacked US army bases in Eastern Europe. He began the Soviet occupation of Korea. 12) Why did the Soviet Union choose Cuba as a site to place some of its nuclear arsenal? The nation's democratic government was very weak. The island was located very close to the United States. Much of the island was uninhabited and ideal for weapons. Most of the nation's citizens were originally Soviet citizens. 13) How did President John F. Kennedy respond to the placement of nuclear missiles in Cuba? He ordered an invasion of the island and overthrew the leaders of Cuba's communist government. He ordered an airlift to convince Cuban citizens to stand up against their leaders about the missiles. He ordered Cuba to be bombed to convince Cuban leaders to return the weapons to the Soviet Union. He ordered Soviet ships to be blocked from Cuba and demanded that the weapons be removed immediately. 14) Which of the following BEST describes the United States’ ultimate goal in the Vietnam War? protecting US allies in the region establishing Democracies in Asia improving relations with the Soviets controlling the spread of communism 15) Why did many Americans oppose the involvement of the US in the Vietnam War? Many Americans believed the Vietnam War would lead to another World War. Many Americans supported ending the war so rationing would stop. Many Americans felt there were too many deaths of American soldiers. Many Americans wanted the government to support the North Vietnamese. 16) What impact did television have on the Vietnam War? Television allowed the families of servicemen to stay informed of their loved ones' activities overseas. Television hurt the ability of the US military to wage war because reporters shared secret information. Television reports showing the horrors of the war caused public opinion to turn against US involvement. Television reports on the successes of the war helped the government increase enlistment numbers. 17) How did the division represented by the "Iron Curtain" affect Europe? Citizens on both sides of the curtain waged continuous war in Europe. Political and economic differences between nations on the two sides grew. Communist protests in Eastern Europe improved relations between the two sides. Western European economies collapsed after trade with Eastern Europe declined. 18) What was one reason that the United States invested a large amount of money in its space program in the mid-twentieth century? It wanted to create jobs to help the country’s economy. It intended to claim territory on the moon for the United States. It was locked in a space-race competition with the Soviet Union. It shifted its resources from war to peaceful aims to promote peace. 19) What 2 world leaders were involved in the Cuban Missile Crisis? Richard Nixon Nikita Khrushchev John F. Kennedy Nikita Khrushchev John F. Kennedy Joseph Stalin Lyndon B. Johnson Fidel Castro 20) During the Cold War, the US foreign policy followed a practice called "containment". What was the purpose of containment? to stop the spread of communism to form military alliances with nations near the Soviet Union to prevent the Soviet Union from expanding all of the above