Roman Republic Learning Goal #1 - 4 2022

Match the following problems of Rome after the Punic Wars with their descriptions. Learning Goal #1 Maintaining a Republic in Rome and an Empire Abroad. The temptation to rule and exploit others is greater than having a government that remains limited and respects freedom. Prevention and loss of limited government. The desire to win at all costs causes the government to abolish its original limits in order to stop the threat. Wealth and Corruption of the Senate The people of Rome had a strong dislike of the Senate because they received the bulk of the land from the Empire. Need for a Professional Army Revolts would happen in far away places in the Empire so a part-time army wasn't going to work. Landless Poor of Rome Many Middle Class farmers went bankrupt because they couldn't compete with the low prices of crops and fled to Rome cities to look for work but couldn't find work in the cities because the jobs were already filled by slaves. Match the following problems of Rome after the Punic Wars with their appropriate description as to how these problems led to the downfall of the Republic. Learning Goal #1 Maintaining a Republic in Rome and an Empire Abroad The lure of ruling others and taking from them to give to the Romans was to appealing than the limits that a Republic has for property Wealth & the corruption of the Senate The people of Rome disliked their government enough to support ambitious men who would promise them wealth in exchange for their political freedom. Prevention and the loss of limited government The constant conflicts that Rome placed herself in for hundreds of years made it so the government removed its limitations in order to deal with threats external and internal The need for a professional army. Soldiers would always tend to be loyal to their general (who gave them stuff) then to the government of Rome. This led to ambitious leaders using the army to gain power. Middle Class Farmers couldn't compete with wealthy land-owners who imported slaves from the provinces. These poor people wanted to be taken care of by the likes of Caesar who would give them wealth in exchange for their freedom and they supported it. What did Tiberius Gracchus do to alarm the Senate? Declared himself King in front of the Senate steps. Ate dinner with horses in a disgusting fashion. Pushed reforms that took rights and privileges away from the people of Rome. Proposed to take land from the Senators and give it to the poor of Rome. How was the Senate able to demagouge the people into going against Tiberius Gracchus? Declared that he was evil and needed to be killed. Declared that he was trying to become King and lied about giving the people their land. Declared that he was spending the public treasury foolishly and needed to be removed. Declared that he was a criminal and needed to be killed. What did Gaius Grachhus learn from the mistakes of his brother Tiberius? Get the army and kill all of the Senators. Get more money so you can buy the Senators off. Get more laws passed to protect yourself Get the people's support no matter what. Which of the following examples ISN'T demagoguery? You need to stop hanging out with Steven because he is stupid. Plus he looks terrible. You should vote for Roger because he is Awesome. Roger is the best man for the job. You should vote for Kevin because lowering taxes will cause more businesses to want to start up in Nebraska You should never vote for Kevin. His tax plan will just devastate the poor of Nebraska What WASN'T something that Gaius Gracchus was able to pass laws about? Made land for poor Romans in Carthage. Gave each Roman 30 acres of land in Italy Fixed the price of grain so it was cheaper. Made all Italians full citizens of Rome What did the Senate do to demagouge the people into turning against Gaius Gracchus? They labeled Gaius and his supporters as traitors and killed them all. They labeled Gaius and his supporters as supporters of Monarchy and killed them all. They labeled Gaius and his supporters as Roman spies and killed them all. They labeled Gaius and his supporters as criminal outlaws and killed them all. What did Marius do that helped Rome defeat the Numidians in 107 BCE? He rose from poverty to the position of consul. He became dictator for longer than the allotted time. He made lists of people he wanted to kill and killed them all and more. He made a professional army among the poor in Rome. What did Marius do in order to achieve control of the army the first time after he retired? Sent in armed men to force the Senate's hand Denied the existence of the gods and destroyed the authority of the Roman priesthood. Killed many Senators and forced them to appoint him commander. Sent troops to harass the Senators' families in order to achieve commander of the army. What happened to Marius after he received command of the army after he retired? He was able to defeat the Senate and kill his opponents. He fled Rome because the army wouldn't follow him and stayed loyal to Sulla. He took the army and conquered Parthia (in present day Iraq) He was killed in a battle fighting Sulla's forces. What did Marius do to Rome the 2nd time he entered Rome after he retired? He attacked the rich and took their wealth. This brought more wealth into the hands of Marius' supporters. He issued an order to enlarge the army. This brought more people into his supporter circle. He made it so all Romans would receive wealth from foreigners. This made his popular support increase. He brought his thugs into Rome to terrorize it for 5 days and later held a reign of terror against Sulla supporters. What did Sulla do when he returned to Rome the 2nd time when trying to deal with Marius He fought Marius supporters and lost. He made lists of all the supporters of the Senate and killed them. He fought Marius supporters and won. He made lists of all the supporters of the Senate and killed them. He fought Marius supporters and won. He made lists of all the supporters of Marius and killed them. He fought Marius supporters and won. He made lists of all foreigners and expelled them from the city. What mistake did Marius make to not gain long-term political power? They brought their horror show to Rome and the people of Rome were in the middle of it. They brought their army into Rome and took many lands from the Senators and the Senators punished Marius They angered the people by proposing laws that took away their power. They started wars with foreign tribes that caused suffering for the people. What did Julius Caesar do in order to gain the support of the people of Rome? Imprisoned corrupt Senators Changed laws that kept the poor of Rome from getting land Improved the relationship between the Gauls and the Romans Conquered Gaul and brought their loot to the Romans. What lesson did Caesar learn from the Gracchi and Marius Don't be greedy only take what you need. Only hurt the people who are your enemies. Your friends must be spared. Use the power of the army to steal from foreigners and bring the goodies to the Roman people. Enjoy the fruits of your victories or else you may lose them. What did Caesar want in exchange for the loot he gave Romans? Their Political Freedom Their money and land Their lives Their property How were Marius similar to Caesar? Both wanted to conquer the Roman people with force. They both used the power of the army to gain popularity. Both were religious and devoted their lives to study and prayer. Both killed countless numbers of Roman citizens. How were the Gracchi and Caesar similar? They both followed the Constitution and the law They both received support from the people. They both received support from the Senate. They both had a loyal army to command Why did the people support Caesar so much more than the Gracchi? The Gracchi weren't in a position to be dictator, whereas Caesar was. The Gracchi weren't able to bring home the loot to Romans, whereas Caesar was. The Gracchi weren't able to abolish the Senate, whereas Caesar was. The Gracchi were from a poorer family than Caesar. Which WASN'T a political mistake of Julius Caesar? Being labeled dictator for life. Conquering Gaul for the Roman People Having an affair with Cleopatra Forgiving your political opponents Please rank these events in chronological order. A "1" is the first event in history and a "8" is the last event in history. Julius Caesar Conquered Gaul for the Romans 4 Caesar took his troops across the Rubicon to confront the Senate 5 The Second Triumvirate was formed 7 Poor Romans are recruited into a professional army for the first time. 2 Marius and Sula fought each other in a civil war. 3 Pompey was defeated by Caesar's forces in Greece 6 Tiberius Gracchus shut down the government in order to get Octavius removed as Tribune 1 Octavian made Caesar into the Divi Lulius 8 What was the strategy of the First Triumvirate? To support the Republic and the freedoms that come with a Republican style of government. To make examples of the Senators in Rome but publicly executing those that oppose their plans. To support each other publicly, and gain more popularity until the Senate doesn't have any influence anymore. To support each other privately, but publicly they look like they hate each other and support the Senate in whatever they do. Which of the following statements would have given you support in Ancient Rome during the Late Republic (133-31 B.C.E)? I will make sure to give slaves their freedom in Rome I will restore our freedom and rights. I will establish order and respect for the government I will give you free land, grain, and a nicer looking Rome. What is an example of a freedom that you would lose in a Julius Caesar Government? Freedom of Religion Freedom to work Freedom to vote Freedom of Speech How do Democracies deprive the minority of their rights (life, liberty, property) using Roman History? The Roman Senate was able to force all Roman land owners to sell their land. Sulla entered Rome and killed all "suspected" Marius supporters. Marius recruited thousands of Poor Romans into his professional army. Julius Caesar killed, looted, and enslaved hundreds of thousands of Gauls. How do democracies lead to dictatorships using Ancient Roman History? The dictator is able to seduce the people with "hand-outs" and take absolute power. The dictator makes the public scared and is able to seize absolute power. The dictator is able to position himself by defeating all of his political enemies The dictator is able to win foreign assistance to install themselves into power. Why did Octavius change his Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianius? He wanted to be accepted by Marc Antony and Lepidus He wanted to secure allegiance of the Egyptians (who were led by Cleopatra) He wanted to pretend like Julius Caesar didn't die. He wanted to be associated with Julius Caesar Which of the follow WASN'T a mistake made by Julius Caesar to cause him to lose power? Ruled openly as a dictator. Expanded the Senate to 600 members without the approval of the Senate Caesar had a son with Cleopatra which would carry on the dictatorship perpetually. He made a new calendar and named a month after himself He wanted to expand his control over the Roman people and suppress any hint of disloyalty. Who were the main instigators of the assassination of Julius Caesar? Marc Antony and Cassius Brutus and Cassius Octavian and Marc Antony Cato and Cicero The purpose of the Second Triumvirate was to: Rule Rome together by abolishing the Senate Privately opposed the Senate but publicly advance each others interests Create a tyranny in Rome and randomly kill Roman people to show their strength Declare Brutus and Cassius outlaws and find them What did Octavian do when Halley's Comet appeared in the sky on Jan 1st 42 BCE? He donated large sums of money to poor Romans He entered a religious temple and didn't leave for 5 days He finally defeated the Germans in the Rhineland He proclaimed the Julius Caesar just became a god. Thus making him the "son" of a god After the assassination of Julius Caesar there was instant Civil War between Marc Antony's supporters and Brutus Cassius' supporters. True False How did Octavian pressure the Senate into granting the Second Triumvirate dictatorial powers to hunt down Brutus Cassius? He used the funds from Caesar to bribe them. He sent in his own troops to intimidate the Senators into supporting this move. He sent in foreigner troops to occupy the city until the Senate agreed to his terms. He used the death of Julius Caesar to persuade those who were against him Why did Octavian want to be the "son" of the god Divi Lulius (Divine Julius)? When he became the "son" of the Divine Julius this ensures that he will have the support of the religious leaders in Rome. This gives him the added support that he needed. When he people spoke of the Divine Julius he was associated with him since he was the "son". Plus he looked humble since the praises went to Julius. When he became the "son" of the Divine Julius he was able to command more power in the Senate. No one in the Senate would question his authority since he became a "son" of a god. When he became the "son" of the Divine Julius he was able to put the question to rest of the god-likeness of himself. No one would be able to deny that he had the powers of a god. Under Julius Caesar what type of government was Ancient Rome? Democracy Republic Constitutional Democracy Brutal Dictatorship What is an example of how democracies eventually turned into military dictatorships that used force to stay in power in Ancient Roman History? When Pompey returned from Rome after defeating the pirates he seduced the people into giving him absolute power. After Julius received power and popularity from the people after conquering Gaul he began to execute his political enemies in the Senate. Octavian was able to use the anger that the people had towards Caesar's assassins to eliminate his political opponents. Octavian dismantled the Senate because he was able to use his army (which was extremely popular) to kill off the Senate. Learning Goal #1 requires you to: Explain how Rome became a Democracy under Julius Caesar and Octavian. Students will explain how Democracies can extinguish liberty by using examples from Ancient Roman History. Explain the changes that occurred to Rome after the Punic Wars and analyze how these changes contributed to the downfall of the Roman Republic. Analyze the overall reasons for the downfall of the Roman Republic and the loss of political freedom and the rule of law (Rome Becomes A Democracy) Describe what Julius Caesar and Octavian learned from the decisions and actions of the Gracchi, and Marius and Sulla that led to the downfall of the Roman Republic in chronological order. Learning Goal #3 requires you to: Explain how Rome became a Democracy under Julius Caesar and Octavian. Students will explain how Democracies can extinguish liberty by using examples from Ancient Roman History. Explain the changes that occurred to Rome after the Punic Wars and analyze how these changes contributed to the downfall of the Roman Republic. Analyze the overall reasons for the downfall of the Roman Republic and the loss of political freedom and the rule of law (Rome Becomes A Democracy) Describe what Julius Caesar and Octavian learned from the decisions and actions of the Gracchi, and Marius and Sulla that led to the downfall of the Roman Republic in chronological order. Learning Goal #4 requires you to: Explain how Rome became a Democracy under Julius Caesar and Octavian. Students will explain how Democracies can extinguish liberty by using examples from Ancient Roman History. Explain the changes that occurred to Rome after the Punic Wars and analyze how these changes contributed to the downfall of the Roman Republic. Analyze the overall reasons for the downfall of the Roman Republic and the loss of political freedom and the rule of law (Rome Becomes A Democracy) Describe what Julius Caesar and Octavian learned from the decisions and actions of the Gracchi, and Marius and Sulla that led to the downfall of the Roman Republic in chronological order. Learning Goal #2 requires you to: Explain how Rome became a Democracy under Julius Caesar and Octavian. Students will explain how Democracies can extinguish liberty by using examples from Ancient Roman History. Explain the changes that occurred to Rome after the Punic Wars and analyze how these changes contributed to the downfall of the Roman Republic. Analyze the overall reasons for the downfall of the Roman Republic and the loss of political freedom and the rule of law (Rome Becomes A Democracy) Describe what Julius Caesar and Octavian learned from the decisions and actions of the Gracchi, and Marius and Sulla that led to the downfall of the Roman Republic in chronological order.