1st Period - Unit 4: Geography of Africa Review Activity

Climate Zone Match Match each climate zone to its correct description. Sahara Hot and dry, Low population, Little to no trade, Largest desert in the world Sahel Hot, Semi-arid (seasonal rainfall), Desertification impacting the region, Population moving south to follow resources Tropical Rain Forest High temperature, High rainfall, Dense vegetation, Low Population, Deforestation Savanna Seasonal rainfall, Warm temperatures, Supports agriculture, Overpopulation Kalahari Hot and dry, Second largest desert in Africa Ethnic Group Sorting Match each characteristic to its ethnic group. Arab Lives in North Africa Arabian Peninsula Speaks Arabic Practices Sunni Islam Bantu Ethnic group a language group Practice different religions, depending on the location - some practice Christianity, Islam, traditional animist religions Began in West Africa, but people migrated all over the continent Known for iron works skills that made tools Swahili "one who lives on the coast" Language is a mix of Arabic Bantu Majority practice Islam, but some practice traditional animist religions Environmental Issues Match Desertification The process by which fertile land becomes desert. Occurring in the Sahel - the Sahara is expanding 2-5 kilometers south each year Causes: deforestation, drought, overgrazing, agriculture Effects: loss of farmland, grazing land, wildlife habitat, famine Deforestation The removal of trees faster than forests can replace themselves. Occurring in the Sahel and in the tropical rain forest region Causes: logging, farming, cutting trees for firewood Effects: loss of wildlife habitat, desertification Water Scarcity Pollution Contaminates include microorganisms (bacteria, human waste); agricultural runoff (fertilizer); sewage runoff (water pollution); industrial runoff (chemicals) Effects: decreased economic growth, famine, sickness from waterborne diseases The longest river in the world is the NileRiver, which flows through northern Africa before emptying into the Mediterranean Sea. The Congo River in central Africa is Africa's second largest river. The Niger River in western Africa has a large supply of oil where it meets the Atlantic Ocean. The largest lake in Africa is Lake Victoria, which is located on the borders of Uganda, Kenya, and Tanzania in eastern Africa. The highest mountain in Africa is Mount Kilimanjaro, which is located in eastern Africa. The largest desert in the world, the Sahara, is located in northern Africa. The second largest desert in Africa, the Kalahari, is located in southern Africa. The Atlas Mountains are located in northwestern Africa. The Great Rift Valley in eastern Africa is caused by the movement of tectonic plates, and could cause Africa to split into two pieces of land in the future. Vocabulary Match Arable Land that is good for farming Subsistence Farming agriculture in which only enough food to feed one's family is produced Drought a long period without rain, People are unable to farm, resulting in famine and poverty Irrigation Humans or technology supplying water to an area of land that does not receive enough rainfall from nature. Famine a severe shortage of food resulting in hunger, starvation, and death