Unit 4 Astronomy Test 2021-22

Test your knowledge of astronomy! Explore Earth's movements, gravity, stars, and the history of space exploration.

Match the terms and definitions. Rotation The spinning of Earth on its axis. Revolution The movement of one object around another object. Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation States that every object in the universe attracts every other object. Weight The force of gravity on an object. Tides The rising and falling of ocean water. A _ is a streak of light caused by the burning up of a meteoroid as it travels through the mesosphere of Earth’s atmosphere. meteoroid meteorite meteor comet What brings gas and dust particles closer together in space? Magnetism Gravity Pressure Wind What causes your weight to be calculated on a scale when you step on it? magnetism gravity temperature wind What color are the hottest stars? Red Yellow White Blue What color are the coolest stars? Red Yellow White Blue About how much longer will the Sun be "alive"? 10 billion years 5 billion years 15 million years 20 million years The Space Race was a competition between which two countries? U.S. and England U.S. and Soviet Union U.S. and Germany U.S. and China The Space Race took place during which war? World War II World War I Cold War Vietnam War Which country achieved the following accomplishments FIRST? U.S. First human to land on the moon Soviet Union Launch a satellite into orbit First human to orbit Earth What is a rocket? A device that expels gas in one direction to move in the opposite direction. A device that expels gas in one direction to move in the same direction. The thrust of a rocket is also known as _. Action Force Reaction Force Forward Force Gravity Force The velocity that a rocket needs to fly beyond the Earth’s gravitational pull is called _. Orbital Velocity Escape Velocity Low Orbit Velocity Gravity Velocity Sort the types of fuel. Solid Fuel dry explosive Liquid Fuel kerosene and cooled oxygen Gas Fuel electrically charged atoms (ions) Which type of rocket is used when smaller rockets (stages) are placed one on top of the other and then fired in succession? Single Stage Multistage Manystage Multistep Since a comet contains more ice and gas than an asteroid, what can be seen through a telescope when observing one? An ocean A tail Living organisms Craters A major reason why the International Space Station is in space is to experiment on how ... a human can live in space. a human can die in space. a star can survive in space. a human can survive in space. Why was it such a great accomplishment for SpaceX to be able to land rockets vertically after a launch? It had never been done before It makes launching rockets cheaper because they can be used multiple times It saves space so that rockets can be stored more easily It gives scientists more information to study Match. Core The most dense part of the Sun where nuclear fusion takes place. Nuclear Fusion When two hydrogen atoms fuse together to create helium atoms. Radiation Zone The layer where energy can take more than 100,000 years to move through. Convection Zone Where hot gases rise and cool gases sink to create loops of energy or convection cells. Photosphere The visible light layer made up of thick gases. Label the diagram with the words below. Do not capitalize and make sure to spell the words correctly. Word Bank:- photosphere- core- radiation zone- convection zone- corona core radiation zone convection zone photosphere corona Fill in the blanks A calendar is a system of organizing time that defines the beginning of a year, the length of a year, and how the year is portioned or divided. Ancient Egyptians used the star Sirius to create one of the first calendars. Egyptian astronomers counted the number of days between each first appearance of Sirius and found that there were about 365 days in a year. The Egyptians figured out about how long a month is by counting the days in between each full moon. There are about 29 ½ days between each full moon. The Egyptian calendar had 12 months of 30 days each, with an extra 5 days at the end.