Astronomy Benchmark Review

Boost 8th-grade science skills! This astronomy review worksheet covers moon phases, eclipses, seasons, and planet characteristics.

Draw the positions of the sun, earth and moon during a solar eclipse. Match the space tool and definition. revolution when the Earth goes around the sun gravity the force that attracts anything with mass rotation when the Earth goes around its axis season parts of the year that results from Earth's tilted axis Moon Phases use all lower-case letters waxing gibbous third quarter waning crescent Inner and Outer Planets Place the characteristic under the correct heading Inner Planets short path for revolution around sun few moons Mars mostly made of rock smaller in size Outer Planets gaseous long path for revolution around sun many moons Jupiter large in size Seasons in the Northern Hemisphere use lower-case letters: winter, spring, summer, fall fall winter summer spring What causes our seasons here on Earth? Distance from Sun Earth's Tilt What the temperature is What is Earth's Sister Planet Venus Jupiter Mercury Inner PlanetsOuter PlanetsDwarf PlanetsMercuryStructure: metallic core and rocky crustSurface: landformsAtmosphere: oxygen, sodium, and hydrogenMoons: 0JupiterStructure: hydrogen and helium gassesSurface: no true surfaceAtmosphere: hydrogen and heliumMoons: 79PlutoStructure: rocky core surrounded by iceSurface: mountains, valleys, plains, cratersAtmosphere: nitrogen, methane, and carbon dioxideMoons: 5VenusStructure: metallic core and rocky crustSurface: landformsAtmosphere: carbon dioxide, nitrogenMoons: 0SaturnStructure: hydrogen and helium gassesSurface: no true surfaceAtmosphere: hydrogen and heliumMoons: 82HaumeaStructure: rocky core surrounded by iceSurface: unknownAtmosphere: unknownMoons: 2EarthStructure: metallic core and rocky crustSurface: landformsAtmosphere: nitrogen, oxygen, and argonMoons: 1UranusStructure: swirling fluids of water, methane and ammoniaSurface: no true surfaceAtmosphere: hydrogen and heliumMoons: 27MakemakeStructure: unknownSurface: unknownAtmosphere: may develop a faint atmosphere of nitrogenMoons: 0MarsStructure: metallic core and rocky crustSurface: landformsAtmosphere: carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and argonMoons: 2NeptuneStructure: swirling fluids of water, methane and ammoniaSurface: no true surfaceAtmosphere: hydrogen and heliumMoons: 14ErisStructure: unknownSurface: rockyAtmosphere: unknownMoons: 1Compare the Surface of the Inner Planets and the Outer Planets The inner planets have landforms They have different surfaces, the inner planets have solid surfaces whereas the outer planets have no true surface The outer planets have no true surface Inner PlanetsOuter PlanetsDwarf PlanetsMercuryStructure: metallic core and rocky crustSurface: landformsAtmosphere: oxygen, sodium, and hydrogenMoons: 0JupiterStructure: hydrogen and helium gassesSurface: no true surfaceAtmosphere: hydrogen and heliumMoons: 79PlutoStructure: rocky core surrounded by iceSurface: mountains, valleys, plains, cratersAtmosphere: nitrogen, methane, and carbon dioxideMoons: 5VenusStructure: metallic core and rocky crustSurface: landformsAtmosphere: carbon dioxide, nitrogenMoons: 0SaturnStructure: hydrogen and helium gassesSurface: no true surfaceAtmosphere: hydrogen and heliumMoons: 82HaumeaStructure: rocky core surrounded by iceSurface: unknownAtmosphere: unknownMoons: 2EarthStructure: metallic core and rocky crustSurface: landformsAtmosphere: nitrogen, oxygen, and argonMoons: 1UranusStructure: swirling fluids of water, methane and ammoniaSurface: no true surfaceAtmosphere: hydrogen and heliumMoons: 27MakemakeStructure: unknownSurface: unknownAtmosphere: may develop a faint atmosphere of nitrogenMoons: 0MarsStructure: metallic core and rocky crustSurface: landformsAtmosphere: carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and argonMoons: 2NeptuneStructure: swirling fluids of water, methane and ammoniaSurface: no true surfaceAtmosphere: hydrogen and heliumMoons: 14ErisStructure: unknownSurface: rockyAtmosphere: unknownMoons: 1What gasses are found in the outer planets atmospheres? oxygen, sodium, and hydrogen carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and argon hydrogen and helium Objects in our solar system ellipse a slightly flattened circle; oval velocity the speed of something in a given direction axis an imaginary line about which an object rotates cyclical pattern a pattern that happens over and over again, can be predicted orbit a regular, repeated path one object takes around another Which moon phase follows a waning gibbous? 1st quarter waxing gibbous 3rd quarter Which moon phase comes before a waxing crescent? new moon full moon waxing gibbous Inner PlanetsOuter PlanetsDwarf PlanetsMercuryStructure: metallic core and rocky crustSurface: landformsAtmosphere: oxygen, sodium, and hydrogenMoons: 0JupiterStructure: hydrogen and helium gassesSurface: no true surfaceAtmosphere: hydrogen and heliumMoons: 79PlutoStructure: rocky core surrounded by iceSurface: mountains, valleys, plains, cratersAtmosphere: nitrogen, methane, and carbon dioxideMoons: 5VenusStructure: metallic core and rocky crustSurface: landformsAtmosphere: carbon dioxide, nitrogenMoons: 0SaturnStructure: hydrogen and helium gassesSurface: no true surfaceAtmosphere: hydrogen and heliumMoons: 82HaumeaStructure: rocky core surrounded by iceSurface: unknownAtmosphere: unknownMoons: 2EarthStructure: metallic core and rocky crustSurface: landformsAtmosphere: nitrogen, oxygen, and argonMoons: 1UranusStructure: swirling fluids of water, methane and ammoniaSurface: no true surfaceAtmosphere: hydrogen and heliumMoons: 27MakemakeStructure: unknownSurface: unknownAtmosphere: may develop a faint atmosphere of nitrogenMoons: 0MarsStructure: metallic core and rocky crustSurface: landformsAtmosphere: carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and argonMoons: 2NeptuneStructure: swirling fluids of water, methane and ammoniaSurface: no true surfaceAtmosphere: hydrogen and heliumMoons: 14ErisStructure: unknownSurface: rockyAtmosphere: unknownMoons: 1Are the number of dwarf planet moons more similar to the inner planets or outer planets Inner Outer neither Eclipses Solar Happens during New Moon Need specials glasses to view Happens during the day Only a few people can see Sun, Moon, Earth Lunar Happens during Full Moon Almost everyone can see Can look at with the naked eye Happens during the night Sun, Earth, Moon What two forces combine and cancel each other out to let the planet orbit the Sun and the moon orbit the Earth? Gravity and Inertia Velocity and Friction Gravity and Velocity