Components of the Universe Review

Vocabulary Matching Match the vocabulary term with the best possible definition. Celestial Body Any natural body outside of Earth's atmosphere including moons, planets, stars, nebulae, galaxies, etc... Star A massive sphere of gas that produces its own energy through nuclear reactions and is held together by its own gravity; the Sun is one example. Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram A graph of the surface temperature of a star versus the star's luminosity. Luminosity The intensity of light from a celestial body. Nebula Vast clouds of dust and gas found in interstellar space. Galaxy A large grouping of stars in space. Universe All of space and the matter it contains. Click on the blanks and select the correct term to fill in the paragraph. Gazing up into a clear night sky, you will be greeted by the view of brightly shining stars. However, stars are only one of many celestial bodies, or objects that exist in space. Our universe consists of many different components, the largest of which is a collection of stars drawn together by gravity called a galaxy. There are several types of galaxies, the most common being Spiral Galaxies like our own Milky Way. Other types of galaxies include oval-shaped Elliptical Galaxies, and harder-to-classify Irregular Galaxies. Galaxies are made up of hundreds of billions of stars, or massive spheres of gas that create their own energy through nuclear fusion. Just like galaxies, stars come in many varieties. Scientists classify stars based on their brightness, or luminosity, and their temperature. A helpful tool in organizing stars by these attributes is called a Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram, which displays stars by their attributes in a scatterplot. When stars are organized in this way, several groups emerge such as the main sequence, the giants, the supergiants, and the white dwarfs. Stars are created in vast clouds of interstellar gas and dust called nebulae. Image Matching Match the image with the correct term Elliptical Galaxy Irregular Galaxy Spiral Galaxy Nebula Star Multiple Choice Questions Use your knowledge to answer the following questions. THe horsehead nebula is well-known due to its resemblance to a horse. Which of the following best describes the horsehead nebula? A sphere of hot gases that is so dense that it creates its own energy through nuclear fusion. a collection of stars in space. A vast cloud of gases and dust. Star X is cooler and brighter than Star Y Which celestial body is a collection of hundreds of billions of stars held together by the force of gravity? Black Hole Nebula Galaxy Star Two stars are identified in the diagram above. Based on the diagram, how do the characteristics of Star X and Star Y compare? Star X is hotter and less bright than Star Y Star X is hotter and brighter than Star Y Star X is cooler and less bright than Star Y Star X is cooler and brighter than Star Y Nissi lists some celestial objects in order from least massive to most massive:Moon -> Planet -> _ -> GalaxyWhich of the following would BEST fit in the blank space? Star Asteroid Earth The Milky Way Star Type Use the Diagram below to answer the next six questions and identify which star is being described. Which star on the Diagram above fits the following description:Light blue, approximately 19,000 K, and approximately 103Lsun A B C D E F Which star on the Diagram above fits the following description:Orange-Red, approximately 4,000 K, and approximately 10-1Lsun A B C D E F Which star on the Diagram above fits the following description:Red, approximately 3,000 K, and approximately 104Lsun A B C D E F Which star on the Diagram above fits the following description:Blue, approximately 35,000 K, and approximately 105Lsun A B C D E F Which star on the Diagram above fits the following description:yellow, approximately 6,000 K, and approximately 1Lsun A B C D E F Which star on the Diagram above fits the following description:White, approximately 10,000 K, and approximately 10-2Lsun A B C D E F