Biology Unit 3 Test

1.) There are 150 Saguaro cactus plants per square kilometer in a certain area of the Arizona desert. Which population characteristic does this refer to? growth rate geographic range age structure population density 2.) The movement of organisms into a range is called immigration emigration population shift carrying capacity 3.) Which are two ways a population can decrease in size? Immigration and emigration Increased death rate and immigration Decreased birthrate and emigration Emigration and increased birthrate 4.)The graph in figure 5-1 shows the growth of a bacterial population. Which of the following correctly describes the growth curve? logistic limiting demographic exponential 5.) During some kinds of population growth, the size of each generation of offspring is larger than the generation before it. So, as the population gets larger, it grows more quickly. This situation is called logistic growth growth density exponential growth multiple growth 6.) The various growth phases through which most populations go are represented on a logistic growth curve an exponential growth curve a normal curve a population curve 7.) For most populations that are growing, as resources start to become less available, the population declines rapidly increases more rapidly reaches carrying capacity enters a phase of exponential growth 8.) Which will reduce competition within a species' population? fewer individuals higher birthrate fewer resources higher population density 9.) Which of the following is a density-independent limiting factor? earthquake disease emigration parasitism 10.) Demography is the scientific study of parasitism and disease modernized countries human populations none of the above 11.) Most of the worldwide human population is growing exponentially because human populations have not reached their exponential curve most countries have not yet completed the demographic transition human populations do not conform to the logistic model the food supply is limitless 12.) Imported plants and animals in Hawaii have caused native species to die out increased the native bird species improved soil fertility increased crop yields 13.) An example of a renewable resource is oil natural gas coal trees 14.) Farmers can reduce soil erosion by increasing irrigation contour plowing grazing cattle on land plowing up roots 15.) DDT was used to fertilize soil kill insects form ozone feed animals 16.) Which of the terms best describes the number of different species in the biosphere or in a particular area? biodiversity ecosystem diversity genetic diversity species diversity 17.) Introduced species can threaten biodiversity because they can cause desertification cause biological magnification crowd out native species reduce the amount of fertile land 18.) An ecological hot spot is an area where habitats and species show a high amount of biodiversity hunting is encouraged many habitats and species are at high risk of extinction species diversity is too high 19.) The land and water ecosystems that provide the resources that a person uses and that neutralizes that person's wastes is part of that person's biodiversity ecological footprint habitat ecological sustainability 20.) A benefit of monoculture farming practices is the ability to grow a lot of food the ability to spend less money on fertilizer the use of less water for irrigation disease and pest resistance of the crops 21.) The number of males and females of each age in a population is the population's age structure.22.) Under ideal conditions with unlimited resources, a population will grow exponentially.23.) The rise-and-fall cycle of a predator-prey relationship is a density- dependent relationship.24.) The use of natural resources in such a way that does not cause long-term environmental harm is called sustainable development.25.) Increasing concentrations of DDT as it travels up a food chain is an example of biological magnification.26.) Microscopic particles such as dust and ash, that can enter the nose, mouth, and lungs are called particulates.27.) Ecologists believe that climate change is due partly to an increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. 28.) What is a limiting factor? Give three examples. 29.) Why is drought a density-independent limiting factor? 30.) What are the goals of sustainable development? 31.) What is soil erosion? 32.) Give an example of point source water pollution and an example of nonpoint source water pollution. 33.) Using the image above:In Table I, which group is most diverse? 34.) Using the image above.In Table II, which group has the most endangered species? 35.) What could be done or is being done to lower the number of endangered species? 36.) Is there a benefit to having a large number of species in a group? If so, what is the benefit?