Chapter 9 Test

Test your knowledge of earthquakes and volcanoes!

Multiple Choice Directions: select the correct response. 1. Most earthquakes occur.... along plate boundaries. in the middle of plates. in the central part of a continent. 2. Where do most volcanoes erupt? along sliding plate boundaries in the middle of tectonic plates along divergent plate boundaries 3. The total energy released by an earthquake is best measured on the.... Richter scale Modified Mercalli scale. moment magnitude scale. 4. What have scientists learned more about by studying earthquakes? the age and structures of Hawaiian hot spots the composition and structure of Earth's interior the locations and compositions of major volcanoes 5. Volcanoes form when molten rock.... flows through the crust. changes in composition. hardens beneath the surface. 6. Magma that is rich in gases will form a volcano.... that erupts explosively. with gently sloping sides. whose lava has a low viscosity. 7. Which is NOT a volcanic hazard? pyroclastic flows in populated areas sulfur dioxide gases from an eruption subduction of tectonic plates at a boundary 8. Two factors that determine a volcano's eruption style are.... the level of silica content and the size of the crater the amount of dissolved gases and the silica content the height of the volcano and the viscosity of the magma Interpreting Diagrams 9. S-waves cannot travel into the outer core because it is most likely made of.... solids liquids gas 10. The graph shown directly above illustrates..... the speeds of P and S waves the depth of the earthquake location of the epicenter 11. Which earthquake waves travel faster? P-waves S-waves surface waves Fill in the Blank: Complete each sentence using a term from the drop-down options. (You may need to scroll to view all answer choices.) Although volcanoes can be very destructive, people often choose to live near volcanoes due to the benefits associated with volcanic activity. Ashes are filled with nutrients that producefertile soil. Crops flourish. Underground magma is an excellent geothermal energy source. Water warmed by the magma can be converted to electricity or used as a direct heat source for homes nearby. Matching Match the following terms with its definition. cinder cone small, steep-sided volcano made of basalt composite large, steep-sided volcano made of lava and ash shield volcano with gentle slopes made from basalt Richter scale that measures the magnitude of an earthquake Mercalli scale that measures the damage done by an earthquake hot spot volcano that forms over a magma plume, often in the middle of a plate