2/16 Evolution Test 2 Practice

1. Horse Ancestor Matching Match the ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR with the type of ADAPTATION Wooded areas with many trees to hide behind Horse ancestor has four toes and hides between the trees. Grasslands begin to appear, with not as many trees to hide behind. Horse ancestor has three toes and runs faster to escape from predators. Environment is entirely grasslands, with only one or two trees. Horse ancestor has one large toe called a hoof, and quickly out runs predators. 2. Look at the graph. Choose the statement below that best describes what the graph shows. Nothing changed in the environment to affect light or dark crabs. The environment affected each color equally. Something changed in the environment, making the dark crabs the best fit for the environment. Something changed in the environment, making the light crabs the best fit for the environment. 3. Fossil layers matching Match the letter of the fossil layers to their age. Fossil layers 9-12 Most recent layers Fossil layers 5-8 Middle aged layers Fossil layers 1-4 Oldest aged layers 4. Sometimes we see similar fossils that appear in one layer after another, with small changes. Fossils evolve from a common ancestor that lived before them. Look at the picture below and then answer the question.There are round snail-like fossils in layer 3. Which layer did they evolve from? Layer 2 Layer 4 5. Remember rock pocket mice that lived on the lava rocks? What will most likely happen to the population at location B, since predators can see the light mice really well now? Over time, all of the dark mice on the lava rocks will be eaten. Over time, all of the light mice on the lava rocks will be eaten. There will be no change. 6. Look at the data table for finches. How do we know which type of finch is more fit for the environment? It is not possible to tell which type of finch is better fit. The small beaked finches have increasing numbers, so they are surviving and reproducing because they are a better fit for their environment. The large beaked finches have decreasing numbers, so they are surviving and reproducing because they are a better fit for their environment. 7. Based on the chart above, between which two years did the environment really start to shift and favor the birds with small beaks? Between years 1-2 Between years 2-3 Between years 3-4 8. Look at the image of the American mastodon and the woolly mammoth, which were drawn from fossils. Then look at the image of the elephant and answer the question.Based on the similarities in the pictures, what can we say about all of these organisms? The elephant most likely inherited its traits from the woolly mammoth. Elephants are the result of artificial selection. The mastodon inherited its traits from the woolly mammoth. 9. Look at the branching tree for the Galapagos finches and answer the question.What letter is the common ancestor of the Vegetarian finch and the Woodpecker finch? A B C 10. Look at the finch branching tree above. What letter is the common ancestor of ALL of the finches? A B C 11. Look at the branching tree for the whale and answer the question.How are the whale and hippopotamus related? The hippopotamus evolved from the whale. The whale evolved from the hippopotamus. Both the whale and the hippopotamus evolved from a common ancestor 55 million years ago. 12. Look at the pictures of the skulls. Scientists use these skulls to show what? Over time, whales evolved from a common ancestor that had adaptations for breathing at the top of the water. There were many organisms with large skulls found in the fossil record. 13. When the environment changes and affects how organisms survive and reproduce, we can see evidence in the graph. Based on the graph below, which colored population line was the most fit to the environment when it changed? orange grey blue