Stage 12: About the Language

Review: the imperfect and perfect tenses servus vīnum portābat.The slave was carrying the wine.servī vīnum portābant.The slaves were carrying the wine.servus vīnum portāvit.The slave carried the wine.servī vīnum portāvērunt.The slaves carried the wine. The first two sentences above have their bold-faced verbs in the imperfect tense. The most likely reading of these sentences: these slaves did this action every day. Thus, it was an ongoing action in the past.The second two sentences have their bold-faced verbs in the perfect tense. The most likely reading of these sentences: these slaves did this action just once. The action happened in the past and then it was finished. Here's a helpful mnemonic:Below is an imperfect sheep. See how it only has 3 legs? What does the imperfect sheep say? Latin tutorial video #1 Watch this video and answer the questions. If the embed doesn't work, follow this direct link. Complete the table below with the forms of the imperfect tense. person singular person plural ego portābam nōs portābāmus tū portābās vōs portābātis 3rd person portābat 3rd person portābant The forms of "to be" in the imperfect tense are irregular, but should be relatively straightforward to recognize. person singular person plural ego eram nōs erāmus tū erās vōs erātis 3rd person erat 3rd person erant Latin tutorial video #2: Watch the video and answer the questions. If the embed doesn't work, here's the direct link. Complete the table below with the forms of the perfect tense. person singular person plural ego portāvī nōs portāvimus tū portāvistī vōs portāvistis 3rd person portāvit 3rd person portāvērunt Remember: you have to learn your verb endings because Latin frequently does not include to explicit subject in sentences. This means, ego, tū, nōs, and vōs won't always appear to tell you who did the action. You just need to know which verbs go with which person and number! Practice! Translate the following verb forms with a pronoun to indicate what its subject must be. Pay close attention to their tense.hint:portat, portāvit: carrytrahit, trāxit: dragdocet, docuit: teachaudit, audīvit: hear portāvistis: y'all carriedportābātis: y'all were carryingportābāmus: we were carryingtrāxī: I draggedtrāxērunt: they draggedtrāxistī: you draggeddocēbant: they were teachingdocuī: I taughtdocuimus: we taughterātis: y'all wereaudīvī: I heardtrahēbam: I was dragging