Semester Review: Constitution

Principles of Government Match the principle to its definition. Popular Sovereignty governmental power lies with the populace (the people) Limited Government government must follow its own laws and it can only act using powers given to it by the people. Separation of Powers government is divided into 3 branches so that no one branch has all the power. Checks and Balances each branch of government has power over the other branches so they don't become too powerful Federalism power is divided between the federal and state governments Fill in the Blanks Articles of Confederation: America's first plan of government which created a weak government with little power.Northwest Ordinance: established a process for adding new states to the Union.Shay's Rebellion: led by Daniel Shays, farmers angry by farm seizures began attacking courthouses in Massachusetts. Lack of government authority to stop the rebellion highlighted the need for a stronger government.Whiskey Rebellion: uprising that afforded the new U.S. government its first opportunity to establish federal authority by military means within state boundaries, as officials moved into western Pennsylvania to quell an uprising of settlers rebelling against the liquor tax. Showed the government was strong and could enforce its laws.Constitutional Convention (1787): Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 55 delegates from the states met to revise the weaknesses of the AOC. Through debate and compromise, delegates drafted a new U.S. Constitution. George Washington served as President of the convention.Great Compromise: established a bicameral congress made up of the New Jersey Plan (called for equal representation in each state. Supported by small states), and Virginia Plan (called for state representation to be determined by the state population. Supported by larger states)Three-Fifths Compromise: Southern states wanted to count slaves towards state populations. Northern states did not believe slaves should be counted toward state populations. Federalists: Supported the constitution's ratification; supported a stronger national government.Anti-Federalists: Opposed ratification of the U.S. Constitution; believed it gave to much power to the government; demanded a Bill of Rights.Federalists Papers: Essays written by John Jay, James Madison, and Alexander Hamilton and passed throughout colonies explaining why new constitution was a good thing.