Gilded Age Review

Review Gilded Age history! Master key terms like Monopoly, Trusts, and Nativism. Perfect for 9-12 graders.

The Gilded Age Review Watch this short video to refresh your memory on important topics from the Gilded Age. Take notes in your journal if needed. Gilded Age Matching Match the term to the definition. Monopoly A single company controls a product or service. It eliminates competition. Trust Firms or corporations that combine for the purpose of reducing competition and controlling prices (to establish a monopoly). The Gilded Age 1870s - 1890s; time period looked good on the outside, despite the corrupt politics & growing gap between the rich & poor Social Darwinism Applied Darwin's theory of natural selection and "survival of the fittest" to human society -- the poor are poor because they are not as fit to survive. Used as an argument against social reforms to help the poor. Ellis Island an island in New York Bay that was formerly the principal immigration station for the United States Angel Island The immigration station on the west coast where Asian immigrants, mostly Chinese gained admission to the U.S. at San Francisco Bay. Between 1910 and 1940 American Federation of Labor (AFL) Focused on skilled workers. A national organization of labor unions founded in 1886 by Samuel Gompers. New Immigrants Immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe Old Immigrants Immigrants from Northern and Western Europe. Laissez-Faire Policy that government should interfere as little as possible in the nation's economy. Rockefeller Controlled oil monopoly Carnegie Controlled steel monopoly Nativism Anti-immigrant belief Chinese Exclusion Act Law passed in 1882 to ban Chinese immigrants. not repealed until 1943. Telegraph Communication tool that revolutionized communication using Morse code. Samuel Gompers Founder of American Federation of Labor (AFL). Monopoly A single company controls a product or service. It eliminates competition. Trust Firms or corporations that combine for the purpose of reducing competition and controlling prices (to establish a monopoly). American Federation of Labor Focused on skilled workers. A national organization of labor unions founded in 1886 by Samuel Gompers. Ellis Island Immigration station located in New York City. Entry point for European immigrants. Angel Island ImmigratioSan Francisco. Entry point for Asian immigrants. Examples of technological innovation Railroad, lightbulb, telephone, and telegraph Urbanization People moving to cities. Cities growing larger. Rockefeller Owned Oil Monopoly. Carnegie Owned Steel Monopoly Laissez Faire Government is "hands-off". Does not regulate business. Nativism Anti-immigrant beliefs Chinese Exclusion Act Law passed in 1882 to ban immigrants from China. Many of the business trusts created in the late 1800s were eventually declared illegal primarily because they allowed children to work under unsafe conditions combined companies that manufactured different products donated large sums of money to political candidates eliminated competition by forming monopolies “There remains, then, only one mode of using great fortunes; but in this we have the true antidote for the temporary unequal distribution of wealth, the reconciliation of the rich and the poor—a reign of harmony.... Under its sway we shall have an ideal state, in which the surplus wealth of the few will become, in the best sense, the property of the many, because administered for the common good, and this wealth, passing through the hands of the few, can be made a much more potent force for the elevation of our race than if it had been distributed in small sums to the people themselves. Even the poorest can be made to see this, and to agree that great sums gathered by some of their fellow-citizens and spent for public purposes, from which the masses reap the principal benefit, are more valuable to them than if scattered among them through the course of many years in trifling amounts.”Andrew Carnegie, “Wealth,” 1889The “temporary unequal distribution of wealth” that Carnegie refers to in the excerpt resulted most directly from the growth of cities in both size and number consolidation of corporations into trusts and holding companies efforts by workers to organize local and national unions government policy of reducing tariffs to promote free trade What was the primary reason business trusts were made illegal? They allowed children to work under unsafe conditions They combined companies that manufactured different products They donated large sums of money to political candidates Which statement best expresses a common belief among nativists in the late 1800s and early 1900s? “All immigrants strengthen America.” “America is for Americans.” “Give me your tired, your poor, your huddled masses.” “The streets are paved with gold.” Which of the following arguments did some late-nineteenth-century leaders use to justify the situation depicted in the image? The federal government provided social welfare services for people living in poverty. Immigrant workers contributed to economic growth in the United States. Evolutionary principles determined that people succeeded based on their natural merits. The reliance on male laborers protected women from the dangers of factory work. Which statement best expresses a common belief among nativists in the late 1800s and early 1900s? "We welcome immigrants" "We should not allow immigrants to come to America." "We should pass laws that promote immigration." A major cause of antagonism toward the “new immigrants” who came to the United States after 1880 was the belief that they were better educated than native-born Americans had a higher standard of living than most Americans adapted easily to American culture competed with Americans for jobs as unskilled laborers Which of the following was a response to both immigration in the 1850s and the immigration depicted in the graph? Immigrants were provided social support in settlement houses. Immigrants were restricted from gaining the right to vote in elections. Nativists advocated against the continued arrival of immigrants. Reformers helped immigrants to maintain their traditional cultures. Which law satisfied Nativists? Chinese Exclusion Act Meat Inspection Act Sherman Anti Trust Act What are two concepts you need to review before the test?