THE HARTFORD CONVENTION

IntroductionREMINDER --New England States:Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Connecticut, Rhode Island, newly added Vermont(became a state in 1791) The Hartford Convention was an event in 1814–1815 in the United States. New England Federalists met to discuss their grievances concerning the ongoing War of 1812. They also were very angry about leaders from Virginia DOMINATING (taking over) the U.S. presidency:1. George Washington (VA) -- 2 terms = 8 years2. John Adams (Mass.) -- 1 term -- 4 years3. Thomas Jefferson (VA) -- 2 terms = 8 years4. James Madison (VA) -- 2 terms = 8 yearsThis domination made Federalists angry because Virginia presidents made decisions in the best interest of the SOUTH. These included limiting or cutting off ALL foreign trade, which deeply hurt Northern economies. Where is Hartford? CT Mass. RI Why were the Federalists meeting? They were angry that Presidents were not declaring war They were angered with the policies of Democratic-Republican presidents Which would be the MOST LIKELY reason these trade policies were so disliked by New Englanders and New Yorkers? Because New Englanders favored the policies of Democratic-Republicans Because they had many port cities and relied on trade with Britain Because they were largely subsistence farmers Of the following, who would most likely attend the Hartford Convention? A farmer from Pennsylvania A Plantation owner from Maryland A merchant from Boston An indigenous person living in the West Opposition to the War of 1812 and a Call for the Convention When Madison was re-elected in 1812 the reaction in New England intensified. In late 1813 Madison signed a more restrictive embargo act than any of those approved by Jefferson, this time prohibiting all trade between American ports (the coastal trade) and fishing outside harbors.By the summer of 1814, the war had turned against the Americans. After ending their war with France, Great Britain was able to send more resources to North America, allowing them to:--blockade the entire eastern coastline.--occupy territory in upper Massachussets (today, Maine)--burn the White House and Capitol--advance further into the American NortheastFree trade with the rest of the world had pretty much ended because of British naval assaults. Thousands were thrown out of work, especially in the Northeast. By August, banks were in trouble. The federal government was also approaching bankruptcy.In response to these events, the governor of Massachusetts criticized the leadership that had brought the nation close to disaster, and called for a convention of New England states to deal with both their common grievances and common defense. Why did the war begin to turn in favor of Great Britain? With France defeated, Britain couldsend more troops and ships to America The British invasion of Canada was working What 'leaderhip' was the governor mad about? Federalist Democratic-Republican French John Adams What did the governor of Massachusetts call for? A meeting of New Englanders Intensified war A meeting with the President An invasion of Canada Convention report The convention ended with a report and with a list of "resolutions." The report said that New England had a "duty" to assert its authority over the "unconstitutional actions" of the Democratic-Republican Presidents Jefferson and Madison.The Hartford Convention's final report proposed several amendments to the US Constitution:1) Any trade embargo lasting over 60 days should be prohibited;2) A two-thirds Congressional majority should be required for a declaration of war, admission of a new state, or limitation of foreign trade;3) The Three-Fifths Compromise should be removed4) Presidents should be limited to one term;5) Each President should be from a different state than his predecessor (the president before him).RUMOR HAS IT...Rumors at the time hinted that delegates may have been in favor of New England seceedingfrom the United States...that New England wanted to form an independent nation... but, there are NO records from the Convention that back this up. What TWO CHOICES below were the subject of most of their suggested amendments? Executive leadership Commerce Taxation Slavery Why did New Englanders want to remove the 3 Compromise? It gave the South and advantage in Congress They wanted to give enslaved people the right to vote They wanted to admit new states They wanted representation to be based on population Why did they want presidents to be from different states each term? Because most of the presidents had been from Virginia Because they wanted Democratic-Republicans to win Because they disapproved of George Washington's policies What was rumored to have been discussed, but not adopted by the Convention? New England forming its own nation Making a separate peace treaty with Great Britain Assassinating James Madison Negative Reception Congress, dominated by Democratic Republicans, would never have agreed to any of the proposals of the Hartford Convention. Delegates of the Hartford Convention knew this...they only intended for the proposals to embarrass the President and Congress—and also to start possible negotiationsbetween New England and the rest of the country.In fact, Massachusetts sent three representatives to Washington, D.C. to negotiate these terms. When they arrived in February, 1815, news had just arrived thatthe war was over. Additionally, word was quickly spreading of General Jackson's amazing defeat of the British in New Orleans. Because of this, the presence of the Hartford representatives seemed both unnecessary and disrespectful, especially among Southerners.The representatives quickly returned to New England, branded by the nation as unpatriotic trouble-makers. Soon, the Hartford Convention and the Federalist Party became synonymouswith secession, treason, and stirring up trouble. The FEDERALIST party was ruined, and survived only in a few (mostly New England) areas for a few more years before vanishing entirely. Why did delegates at the Hartford Convention not actually believe their proposals would become part of the Constitution? The New England states would not ratify them Congress was largely made up of Democratic Republicans The 3 Compromise was highly favored by Federalists For what reasons were the representatives seen as disrespectful and unpatriotic? (check FOUR) they had secretly met with British diplomats they were rumored to have discussed secession their ideas were no longer popular No one liked Democratic-Republicans in the South The war was over Jackson's victory at New Orleans Why would Southerns be especially ANGRY about the Hartford Convention's proposals? They did not like limiting commerce They were largely Federalists They were angered by the proposal to end the 3 Compromise They wanted to limit Southern presidencies According to the cartoon, voting for a candidate for office who had attended the Hartford Convention would be a vote for ... A Farmer the people's rights An evil King A woman Who does the demon represent? A Democratic-Republican A Federalist A Southerner An atheist What happened as a result of the Hartford Convention and political cartoons like shown above? The Federalist Party died out The capital seemed unnecessary The Hartford Convention became synonymous with patriotism The Democratic-Republican Party was ruined While the Hartford Convention never made any changes to GOVERNMENT or the CONSTITUTION, howdid this event have a majorimpacton CONFLICT in America involving...(1) Politics(2) North and South (regional division) Be sure to answer BOTH parts of the question.