Who wants some chocolate?

Vocabulary Match the words with their definitions. a pod it contains the cocoa beans a shell it is a skin around the beans pulp it protects the beans to heat to make something hot to cool to make something cold to melt to turn something solid into liquid to grind to break something into very small pieces to ferment to cause a chemical change in plants Read the text to learn more about everybody's favorite sweet and answer the questions below. Did you know that there’s a World Chocolate Day? It takes place each year on 7 July. To celebrate it, read about the history of chocolate and the interesting journey from cocoa bean to chocolate bar. Chocolate was first used as a drink over 3,500 years ago in Central America. It was very popular with the Mayans and the Aztecs, who mixed cocoa beans with vanilla or chilli peppers. In fact, cocoa beans were so important to them that they were used as money. Cocoa was first grown in Ecuador, which was, for a long time, the world’s number-one producer of cocoa beans. It is still one of the top ten producers of the beans, but today more than 70 % of cocoa beans come from West Africa.Cocoa beans come from cocoa trees. These trees grow in tropical forests around the world, from South America to Indonesia. The beans grow in colourful pods of red, yellow and purple. Inside the pods are the beans. Each tree grows around 50 pods a year, and each pod can contain between 20 and 60 beans. It takes around 100 beans to make 100 grams of chocolate. The pods are picked by hand to protect the trees. Once the pods are picked from the tree, they are opened and the beans are taken out. The beans need to go through a number of different processes before they are ready to be turned into chocolate. First, the beans and the pulp are placed in special boxes, where they slowly ferment for up to five days. Here the beans turn brown and start to develop their special flavour. They are then put out in the sun to dry for approximately 14 days. After this, they are roasted for about 15 minutes in preparation for the final stage, when the beans are taken out of their shells. At the end of this process, we are left with the cocoa ‘nibs’ – chocolate in its purest form and the basic ingredient for all chocolate products.The first step is to grind the nibs by machine or between two large stones. This produces cocoa liquor, a semi-solid paste, that is then cooked and mixed continuously for hours or even days until it is just right. This is also the stage at which other ingredients are added: sugar, milk, various flavours. Interestingly, chocolate melts at 34ºC. This is just below body temperature, which explains why it can be so sticky and messy, but also why it melts as soon as you put it in your mouth.At this point the cocoa nibs are ready for the last stage in the journey. For the cocoa liquor to turn into solid chocolate, it needs to be heated and cooled and heated again until it forms a solid mass. And so, at last, the journey from bean to bar is complete.So now that you know all about how chocolate is made, you may want to celebrate the day by eating one of your favourite chocolate treats! The stages of making chocolate Match the ideas with the numbers to put them in the order they are mentioned in the text. 1 taking the pods from the trees 2 taking the beans from the pod 3 drying the beans in the sun 4 roasting the beans 5 grinding the beans 6 adding other ingredients The _ grow on trees. bars beans pods The trees grow _. on mountains in the tropics near rivers Most cocoa beans are grown in _. Ghana Ecuador West Africa The beans are roasted for _. 15 minutes 5 days 14 days The purest form of chocolate is the cocoa _. paste nib liquor Chocolate turns to liquid at _ temperature. a very low around body a very high Complete the sentences using the words below: In the past, chocolate was used as a drink .The beans grow in pods which can be red, yellow and purple.Each cocoa tree grows around 50 pods a year.The beans turn brownwhen they ferment.It takes around 100 beans to make 100 grams of chocolate.When you heat and cool the cocoa liquor, it turns into solidchocolate.The Mayans and the Aztecs were the people who mixed cocoa beans with vanilla and chilli peppers.Chocolate meltswhen you put it in your mouth. Read some sentences from the text while focusing on the relative pronouns: who, which, that, where, when, whose; then answer the questions below. Complete the rules with who, which, and that. We usewho for people.We use which for things.We use that for both people and things. Complete the rules with where, when, and whose. We use where for a place.We use when for a time.We use whose for possession. Can you get me some chocolate _ you go to the store? where when whose The woman _ called you yesterday is my mother. who which that Sandra knew the family _ house we bought. where when whose This is the book _ my sister wrote. who which that Find me at the beach _ we met. where when whose Meg is the girl _ dress you borrowed. where when whose Call me _ you get home. where when whose Who is that girl _ sat next to you on the bus? who which that Home is _ the heart is. where when whose Chocolate is the sweet _ everybody loves. who which that Write 3 sentences about today's lesson so they are true for you: Today I've learned _.The tricky part was _.The most useful part was _.