Module E Test

CAR USE IN THE CITIESRead the article and answer questions 1-7. I - In Many major cities throughout the world have the same problem: millions of cars enter the city center each day, causing terrible traffic congestion and high levels of pollution. Some cities have been trying to reduce the number of cars on their streets. London, for example, has made its public transport system cheaper and more efficient. Moreover, people are required to pay £12 each time they drive into the city center. Such measures are making a difference. Indeed, these days only around 15% of those who work in the city center get there by car.II - Encouraged by the success of the measures in London, several other cities have begun introducing them as well. However, not all transport planners agree that they are necessary. "Recent studies have found that since the year 2000, the number of cars on the streets of many major cities has actually decreased. So has the number of people buying a car," says Brian Gilbert of the Pinkerton Transport Institute. "The problem of congestion will therefore disappear on its own, and there's no reason for cities to make any special effort to solve it."III- Gilbert is not surprised by the decrease in car use. "Just think of online shopping," he says. "You can order almost anything, and get it delivered to your door. And, of course, thanks to the Internet many of us can now work from home." He also speaks of the change in attitude towards owning a car. "Surveys show that young people today are less interested than their parents in buying a car. Most of them say they prefer other transport options because they're concerned about the environment."IV - While transport planners agree there is a reduction in car use, most of them believe that the trend will not continue. "Don't forget that when young people have children, they're likely to decide they do want a car," says Sandra Henley of the American Center for City Planning. "They won't even feel guilty about buying one, because there are now electric cars that cause much less air pollution. This means that in the near future, the number of cars in city centers could actually increase." Henley therefore thinks cities must not assume that traffic congestion will simply vanish. Instead, they should do everything they can to deal with it.* congestion - צפיפות, עומס תנועה 1. What do we learn from paragraph I ? What problems are caused by high levels of pollution. What effect the changes in London have had. Why so many people work un the center of London. Why people prefer to drive to work. 2. In paragraph I, the writer refers to the measures taken in London. Give ONE of those measures.Complete the sentence: One measure has been to ...... 3. Why does Gilbert think that the problem of congestion will disappear on its own. Give ONE reason. ( paragraph II)Complete the answer: Because .... 4. What does Gilbert explain in paraagraph III?PUT A v BY THE TWO CORRECT ANSWERS. Why people like working from home. Why people today buy so many things. Why people can use their cars less. How young people learn about the environment. What transport options people have. How young people are different from their parents. 5. What can we understand from lines 19-20 about most transport planners?Complete the sentence: They think that in the future, the use of cars...... 6. What does Henley explain in paragraph IV? Why electric cars could lead to more congestion. Why young people want car use to decrease. Why electric cars might become cheaper. Wht the opinion of transport planners have changed. 7. How is Henley's opinion different from Gilbert's? Base your answer on paragraph II and IV.Complete the sentence: Unlike Gilbert, Henley thinks taht cities should ... Part II - Listening TOO MUCH OF A GOOD THING 8. PUT A v BY THE TWO CORRECT ANSWRS.What does Jill Rogers tell the listeners at the beginning of the interview? How often people use their smartphones. What people use their smartphones for. How WhatsApp become so popular. Why people talk so much on their smartphones. Why smartphones have become part of our lives. 9. How might the use of Waze affect people later on in life?They might .... 10. When does the use of smartphones as a means of communication become problematic? When people use emoji instead of sending text messages. When people send text messages insted of using emoji When people don't want to convey deep feelings. When people send short text messages to convey deep feelings. 11. In her last answer, Jill presents disadvantage of using smartphones. What is it? Students keep their smartphones in their bags. People use their cell phones to watch movies. People become addicted to smartphones. Students watch movies instead of studying. 12. What opinion does Jill express in her last answer? Using smartphones during lessons is beneficial. Smartphones aren't all bad. Too may people use their smartphones in the cinema. Using smartphones has only negative effect.