Module E Practice

MUSIC IS GOOD FOR YOU! LINES 1-5It's no secret that exercise is good for you, and no-one knows that better than Dr. Charles Emery. Again and again, Emery's studies have shown that exercise improves both the physical and the mental functioning of patients suffering from a variety of illnesses. Now he has taken his research one step further. Noticing that people increasingly listen to music while exercising, he decided to find out what happens when the two activities are combined.LINES 6-10Emery chose 33 hospital patients for his study and instructed them to exercise twice, first without music and then with music. After each exercise session he checked their mental performance by having them do a number of mental tasks. They were asked, for example, to name as many words as possible that begin with a certain letter of the alphabet. The results left no room for doubt: After exercising with music, the participants' average scores were twice as high as their scores before music was added.LINES 11-17Emery isn't surprised by this dramatic improvement. "Listening to music may seem simple," he says, "but it actually makes considerable demands on the brain because you need to follow so many sequences and combinations of sounds. The part of your brain that does this is the same part that's responsible for complex thinking. So when this area is stimulated by music, your thinking is also affected." Emery used classical music in his experiment, but he thinks any kind of music would be equally effective. In addition, he believes the benefits would extend to everybody, not just the sick, but agrees that additional research is needed to determine whether these assumptions are correct.LINES 1-21Furthermore, researchers have yet to discover whether or not the improvement in mental performance is lasting. Emery assumes that listening to music works on the brain just like exercising works on the body — the more you do it, the longer the effects last — and he hopes to test this idea in future experiments. Meanwhile, it might be a good idea to put on your headphones the next time you go jogging. (Adapted from "Exercise and music clear the brain", abcnews.com, June 14, 2005) 1. What are we told in lines 1-5 about Emery's earlier research? When it was carried out How the experiments were carried out. Which illnesses were studied. What the findings were. 2. COMPLETE THE SENTENCE ACCORDING TO LINES 1-10 In the study described in lines 7-12, Emery examined how the functioning of patients was affected by combining music. 3. Which of the following statements are true regarding the study described in lines 6-10?CHOOSE TWO CORRECT ANSWERS Participants performed the mental tasks while exercising. Half the participants exercised with music and half exercised without. Different participants performed different tasks. Participants performed the mental tasks more than once. Participants performed better on mental tasks after listening to music. The results were not very clear. 4. COMPLETE THE SENTENCE. In lines 11-17, Emery explains the connection between the brain and music. 5. COMPLETE THE ANSWERS.What assumptions still need to be tested?Give TWO answers: (a) one from lines 11-17 and (b) one from lines 18-21. (a) According to lines 11-17: The assumption that any kind of music will be equally effective\ benefits would extend to everybody, not just the sick .(b) According to lines 18-21: The assumption that the improvement in the mental performance is lasting \ listening to music works on the brain just like exercising works on the body. 6. In line 24, the word "Meanwhile" means... until your memory improves until more research is done until you learn how to exercise better until the study described in lines 7-12 is completed A SHORT HISTORY OF FAST FOOD Listen to the interview twice and answer the questions 7. Alice mentions her travels in order to explain... how she became a journalist why she likes hamburgers why her books are so popular how she got interested in fast food 8. According to Alice, what is not known about hamburgers? ANSWER: Who first made hamburgers \ them or Who first invented hamburgers \ them. 9. What are we told about the White Castle fast food chain?PUT AN √ BY THE TWO CORRECT ANSWERS. How it got its name. Who founded it. Why it became successful. How many restaurants it has. What kind of meat it uses. How it influenced other fast food chains. 10. What does Alice explain about standardization? Why its rules keep changing. How it affects prices. What its advantages are. Why it causes problems. 11. COMPLETE THE SENTENCE. In her last answer, Alice explains how fast food chains convince consumers \ attract children.