Macromolecules Practice

Macromolecules Fill in the table with the correct answers. Macromolecule Monomer Example Protein amino acids hormones Nucleic Acid nucleotides DNA Carbohydrates monosaccharides starch Lipids glycerol fatty acids oil Match the molecule to its function carbohydrates provides energy lipids long term energy storage, insulation nucleic acids stores genetic information proteins structure, storage, contractile, enzymes, transport Fill in the table below monomers fatty acids glucose nucleotides amino acids monosaccharides fructose polymers DNA nucleic acid protein lipid starch RNA Match the molecule with the elements that make it up. nucleic acids carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus proteins carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen lipids carbon, hydrogen, oxygen carbs carbon, hydrogen, oxygen Complete the paragraph by filling in the blanks about Carbohydrates. Carbohydrates contain the elements CHO. Monosaccharides includes glucose and fructose. Both of which are used for sweeteners in many types of foods. Disaccharides includes sucrose (table sugar), lactose (found in milk), and maltose. Polysaccharides include starches, glycogen (stored sugar in our livers), cellulose (found in plant cell walls), and chitin (found in many fungi and insect exoskeletons). Complete the paragraph by filling in the blanks about Lipids. Lipids are made out of triglycerides (glycerol and 3 fatty acids). Saturated fats are usually solid at room temperature and includes butter, shortening, and animal fats. Unsaturated fats have bonds that can be broken, thus making it easier for the body to break down. They are also liquid at room temperature. An example is olive oil. Another type of lipid called a phospholipid makes up the cell membranes of all cells. Steroids are also lipids and includes substances like cholesterol, testosterone, and estrogen. Complete the paragraph by filling in the blanks about Proteins. Proteins are made up of combinations of twenty different amino acids. Chains of amino acids are held together by strong peptide bonds. Proteins are mainly used for structure and support. Examples include muscles, blood, hair, skin, and fingernails. Complete the paragraph by filling in the blanks about Nucleic acids. Nucleic acids include DNA and RNA. They are built out of nucleotides. A nucleotide has three parts. They are a sugar, a base, and a phosphate. Nucleic acids contain our genetic code, and the instructions for making everything in our bodies.