Functional Groups Part 1

Instructions:1. Using Table R from your Regents Reference Table.2. You will need to look at the headings “Class of Compounds”, “Functional Groups”, “General Formula”, and “Example”. Find these now A. Halides 1. Lists the 4 elements from the functional group for halides and write them down: F ClBrI Flip to your periodic table and find these. What group of the periodic table do they belong to? 17How many valence electrons does each one have? 7 4. In the “Example”, the name is 2-chloropropane. The condensed formula is: CH3CHClCH3…..you draw this in order…So draw a C with 3 Hs….Then a C with an H and a Cl …..Then another C with 3Hs. This looks like this: Draw the above and then follow the instructions: Put a box around the Cl and a circle around the carbon chain. Number your carbons so that the first one has the number one and the last has the number 3. How many C’s are in the chain? 3What type of bonds are in the chain? single (single, double, or triple?)Look at the box you drew….what element is it? chlorineHow is this represented in the name? chloroLook at the location of the box….what carbon is it on? 2. Justify why the following drawing is called 3-bromohexane. Answer Here: B. Alcohols: 1. Lists the 2 elements from the functional group for alcohols and write them down: hydrogen oxygen2. Alcohols, like water, have stronger intermolecular forces…based on your answer to #1, what type of bonding would these compounds have? hydrogen bond 3. In the “General Formula”, alcohols have R-OH where R represents C and H bonded together and OH represents one of the 2 elements you wrote down in #1.4. In the “Example”, the name is 1-propanol. The condensed formula is: CH3CH2CH2OH…..you draw this in order…So draw a C with 3 Hs…..Then a C with 2Hs ……Then another C with 2Hs and then your OH. It looks like this: Draw the above then follow the instructions: Put a box around the OH and a circle around the carbon chain. Number your carbons so that the first one has the OH coming off of it and is labeled #1 and the last C has the number 3. How many C’s are in the chain? 3What type of bonds are in the chain? Single (single, double, or triple?) Look at the box you drew….what elements does it contain? oxygen hydrogenHow is this represented in the name? ol (What is different than just naming it propane?)Look at the location of the box….what carbon is it on? 1. Justify why the following drawing is called 2-butanol. Answer Here: C. Ether: What is the element from the functional group for ethers? Oxygen 2. In the “General Formula”, ethers have R-O-R where R represents C and H bonded together and O represents the element you wrote down in #1.In the “Example”, the name is methyl ethyl ether. The condensed formula is: CH3OCH2CH3…..you draw this in order…So draw a C with 3 Hs……Then an O single bond …..Then another C with 2Hs…..Then another C with 3 Hs. It looks like this: Draw the above and then follow the directions: Put a box around the first set of Cs (before the O) and a circle around the second carbon chain. The methyl and the ethyl are connected by an oxygen. This is why it is an ether. How many C’s are in the box? 1. How many C’s are in the circle? 2. Justify why the following drawing is called ethyl propyl ether Answer Here: D. Aldehyde: 1. The functional group has a double bonded oxygen and a hydrogen atom coming off of the carbon. In the “General Formula”, aldehydes have R-C-H where R represents C and H bonded together and there is a double bonded oxygen on the end carbon.In the “Example”, the name is propanal. The condensed formula is: CH3CH2COH (see how it is written on Table R)…..you draw this in order…So draw a C with 3 Hs Then a C with 2 Hs…..Then another C with a double bonded O and an H. This looks like this: Draw the above then follow the directions: Structure of propanal:Put a box around the double bonded oxygen and a circle around the carbon chain.Circle the single hydrogen on the end of the chain.Number your carbons so that the first one has the number one and the last has the number 3. How many C’s are in the chain? three Why is this named “propan”al?Look at the box you drew….what element is it? oxygen. How is this represented in the name? -al Justify why the following drawing is called butanal: Answer Here: Exit Ticket: Name the functional groups in Vanillin below: Answer Here: Table R Intro from Ms. Eng