Ionic vs Covalent Bond Lab In person version

Discover ionic vs. covalent bonds through hands-on lab experiments!

Pre-Lab Questions Introduction Compounds can be classified by the types of bonds that hold their atoms together. Ions are held together by ionic bonds in ionic compounds; atoms are held together by covalent bonds in covalent compounds. You cannot tell whether a compound is ionic or covalent simply by looking at a sample of it because both types of compounds can look similar. However, simple test can be done to classify compounds by type because each type has a set of characteristic properties shared by most members. Ionic compounds are usually hard, brittle, water-soluble, have high melting points and can conduct electricity when dissolved in water. Covalent compounds can be soft, hard, or flexible, are usually less water-soluble; have lower melting points, and cannot conduct electricity when dissolved in water. During this lab, you will determine whether a compound is ionic or covalent based on your observations of their properties. Properties Based upon the introduction fill in the chart with information about the properties of ionic and covalent bonds Type of Bond Melting Point Water Solubility Conduct Electricity Ionic Covalent Match the Type of Bond with the Correct Definition Transfer of Electrons Ionic Bonding Sharing of Electrons Covalent Bonding Sort the electron pairs to the type of bonding that will occur Hint: Metal-Nonmetal is ionic Nonmetal-Nonmetal is covalent Covalent Bonding Carbon and Oxygen Nitrogen and Oxygen Nitrogen and Sulfur Phosphorus and Carbon Ionic Bonding Sodium (Na) and Chlorine Calcium (Ca) and Oxygen Lab You will now be completing your lab together in groups. Please make sure you know what your role in the group is and what is expected of you. You will need to wear googles and gloves for this lab. You will receive a paper copy of the procedure and lab data sheet that must be copied into the wizer by each member of the group Materials watch glassconductivity meterglass stirring rod scoopcrucible tongsNaClsucroseCaCl2Wax Safety Goggles must be worn at all times during this lab. Be careful around the hot plate. Use crucible tongs to remove hot objects. Procedure 1. Using the scoop, add a small amount of NaCl to the watch glass. Observe the substance and record your detailed observations.2. Place the watch glass on a hot plate. Turn the heat setting to 5 and heat the watch glass for 3 minutes. Record your observations. Remove the watch glass with crucible tongs and let it cool.3. After the substance has cooled, add some distilled water. Stir using a glass stirring rod. Record your observations4.Test the conductivity of the substance that is dissolved in water. Record your observations.5. Clean your watch glass and repeat with the other substances. Data Table Record your observations and data here :) Material Description Did it Melt? Did it dissolve in water? Did it conduct electricity? NaCl Wax CaCl2 Sucrose Post Lab Questions Use your data above and the information in the pre-lab to answer the following questions Ionic or Covalent Bond Substance Ionic or Covalent Bond Why? NaCl Ionic Wax Covalent CaCl2 Ionic Sucrose Covalent Describe how you were able to come to your above conclusions. What helped you decided between the bonds? Predict the type of bond! Based upon the data provided predict if the substance would be ionic or covalent Substance Did it melt? Did it dissolve? Did it conduct Electricity? Ionic or Covalent CuSO4 No Yes Yes Ionic KCl No Yes Yes Ionic Soap Yes No No Covalent On a scale of 1-5 rate your effort that you put forward in the lab. Describe why you gave yourself this rating (make sure you mention your specific role) In this area I will give you a participation grade out of 5 you do not need to write anything here :)