HONORS Cell Cycle, Cancer + Cell Differentiation

Use the diagram to answer the question below. Using the picture above identify the parts of the cell cycle. A = Mitosis B =Cytokinesis C = G1D = S E = G2 F = InterphaseG = M phase H = G0 Phase Functions G1 cell growth S DNA replication G2 preparation for cell division Mitosis nuclear division Cytokinesis cytoplasm division Categorize the given statements into Interphase or M phase. Interphase DNA is replicated Cell is preparing for Cell Division S phase G1 G2 M phase Cytokinesis Mitosis Nucleus divides Cytoplasm divides 2 identical daughter cells formed Cancer Which of these properties is only found in cancer cells? unregulated cell division regulated gene expression response to signals outside of the cell presence of mitochondria When cells leave the cell cycle, they exit during G1 phase and then enter G0 phase, a resting period. Most normal cells can leave G0 phase and reenter the cell cycle at G1 phase before entering S phase. Cancer cells are different because they cannot enter G0 phase and are likely to do which of the following? Fail to complete S phase Mutate during G1 phase Repeat the cell cycle continuously Die after completing mitosis During the cell cycle, proteins called cyclins bind to enzymes that send signals for the cell to progress through stages of cell replication. At the end of this cycle, the cyclins degrade to prevent further signaling for the cell to divide. Uncontrolled production of cyclins will most likely result in - the formation of tumors the immediate death of the cell the transfer of cyclins to other cells the formation of haploid cells Cell Differentiation You started off as a single cell with 23 pairs of chromosomes. So how did you become this complex, multicellular organism, capable of thought and action? The model below shows six different cell types found within your body. Based on the shape of the cells above, do you think each one has the same function? Yes No Explain your reasoning for your answer above. Stem cells are pluripotent and have the potential to give rise to any other cell type, while specialized cells are unipotent.Model C shows a stem cell and the possible cells that can arise from it.Models D and E show red blood cells and intestinal cells respectively, and the possible cells that arise from each one. Based on the information you just read, categorize the following models of cells as pluripotent or unipotent. Pluripotent (not specialized) Unipotent (specialized) Use the data below to answer the questions that follow. Compare the stem cell genes to the other cell types. What do you notice? To turn a stem cell (an unspecialized cell) into a skin cell (a specialized cell), what genes need to be activated? Select all that applyBE CAREFUL READING THE NUMBERS ON THE X-AXIS! 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Based on the model above, how do they become specialized, even if they all have the same DNA? The diagram shows how specialized body cells can develop. Which of the following best explains why cells that contain the same genetic material do not develop into the same types of cells? Because internal or external stimuli can trigger the activation of specific genes in the DNA of cells Because random mutations can occur in the DNA of cells during early embryonic development Because messenger RNA is converted to transfer RNA when cell differentiation begins Because chemical signals that are released during the cell cycle can result in the linking of similar genes When a stem cell divides, it produces two daughter cells. One daughter cell will remain a stem cell, while the other daughter cell will differentiate into a specialized cell. Which factor will most directly determine what type of specialized cell will be produced? The size of the cell The length of the cell cycle The number of chromosomes that are replicated The genes that are expressed Environmental factors typically activate genes in a cell by causing the cell to- produce identical daughter cells through mitosis form haploid gamete cells through meiosis fuse with another cell to increase the size of its genome read specific DNA segments Vocab Search To mark a word click its first letter then click its last. CYTOKINESIS SPECIALIZED INTERPHASE CELLCYCLE CYTOPLASM STEMCELL NUCLEUS MITOSIS CANCER GENES DNA