Mitosis/Meiosis Test

Biology test on mitosis and meiosis, covering cell division concepts.

When crossing-over takes place, chromosomes exchange corresponding segments of DNA produce new genes mutate in the first division decrease in number Cells that are not dividing remain in the mitosis phase cytokinesis phase synthesis phase first growth phase In humans, gametes contain 22 autosomes and 1 sex chromosome 1 autosome and 45 sex chromosomes 1 autosome and 22 sex chromosomes 45 autosomes and 1 sex chromosome Which statement applies to meiosis, but not mitosis? Daughter cells are genetically identical to parent cells Daughter cells are genetically different from parent cells The number of chromosomes in daughter cells are more than parent cells the number of chromosomes in daughter cells is the same as the number in the parent cell Refer to the illustration above. The cell in diagram C is in metaphase prophase telophase anaphase The exchange of segments of DNA between the members of a pair of chromosomes acts a source of variations within a species always produces genetic disorders ensures that variations within a species never occur is called crossing As a result of mitosis, each of the two new cells produced from the parent cell during cytokinesis receives exactly half the chromosomes from the parent donates a chromosome to parent cell receives a few chromosomes from the parent cell receives an exact copy of all the chromosomes present in the parent cell Meiosis plays a more significant role in reproduction than mitosis in which of the following? increasing the process of asexual reproduction more efficiently using energy in the cell division process increasing the variability of genetic information more rapidly reproducing and growing Mitosis is the process by which cytoplasm is divided the nucleus is divided into two nuclei microtubules are assembled the cell rests What structures allows chromosomes to separate and move during mitosis? radiating fibers chromatids nuclear envelope spindle fibers Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes containing genes that code for the same traits cytosol DNA different traits Refer to the illustration above. The process shown is chromosomal mutation meiosis mitosis dominance The phase of mitosis that characterized by the arrangement of all chromosomes along the equator of the cell is called metaphase telophase anaphase prophase In both mitosis and meiosis a specific process occurs the same number of times. What is that process? The DNA in the chromosomes is duplicated the cells divide into equally sized halves the cytoplasm is divided evenly between the cells the chromosomes align themselves at opposite ends of the cells If nondisjunction occurs no gametes will be produced there will be too many gametes produced a gamete will receive too many or too few chromosomes mitosis cannot take place The first 3 phases of the cell cycle are collectively know as mitosis cellular respiration interphase telophase What kind of cells most likely result from uncontrolled growth? cancer cells bone cells nerve cells cardiac cells Trisomy is a mutation that results in a cell having an extra nitrogen base gene chromosome codon How many chromosomes are in the body cells of an organism that has a haploid number of 8? 8 16 4 12 The synthesis (S) phase is characterized by a division of cytoplasm DNA replication replication of mitochondria and other organelles cell division Binary fission is the process by which bacteria reproduce creates a new species occurs when two cells collide with each other produces excess energy Normal cells become cancer cells when cells continue to divide without passing through the G1 phase cells do not respond normally to control mechanisms regulation of cell growth and division is lost all of these People with Downs syndrome have 45 chromosomes no X chromosome 46 chromosomes 47 chromosomes A diploid cell is one that has two homologous chromosomes has chromosomes found in pairs are somatic cells all of these Haploid cells are gametic cells somatic cells cancer cells muscle cells