College Prep Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration Review

Master photosynthesis & cellular respiration! Quiz covers key processes, reactants, products, and energy. Perfect for biology review.

1. Which of the following statements is TRUE? Chloroplasts are the green pigment inside a plant that allows plants to use the Sun's energy to make food. Chlorophyll is a green pigment inside a plant that allows plants to use the Sun's energy to make food. Chlorophyll is a green pigment inside the roots of a plant that allows plants to use the Sun's energy to make food. Chlorophyll is a green pirgment absorbed into a plant that allows them to use the Sun's energy to make food. 2. Fill in the blank with the correct answer. Carbon dioxide, which is carbon and oxygen combined, in the air enters through the _of the plants. Roots Chlorophyll Stomata in Leaves Energy 3. The outputs of photosynthesis are? Sugar and oxygen Carbon and oxygen Chlorophyll Chloroplasts 4. What organelle in plant cells does photosynthesis take place? Chloroplasts Chlorophyll Leaves Roots Which Process? Sorting Activity Sort the following components into the correct category. Photosynthesis Reactants: 6 CO2 + 6 H2O Products: C6H12O6 + 6 O2 Catalyst: sunlight Purpose: to lock solar energy into glucose Phases: light-dependent reactions and Calvin cycle Organelle: Chloroplast Organisms: Autotrophs Cellular Respiration Products: 6 CO2 + 6 H2O Purpose: to unlock the energy in glucose and store it in ATP Phases: Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, electron transport chain Organelle: mitochondria Organisms: Heterotrophs Reactants: C6H12O6 + 6 O2 The general equation for photosynthesis is shown:carbon dioxide + water + sunlight --> glucose + ?Which of these is needed to complete this equation? carbon hydrogen oxygen nitrogen Most of the concentration of which gas results from producers? nitrogen oxygen water vapor carbon dioxide Whichbest describes the role of chlorophyll in energy conversions? chlorophyll converts chemical energy into radiant energy chlorophyll excites photons of light energy and stores them chlorophyll converts oxygen and nutrients in order to drive metabolic activities chlorophyll absorbs light and converts it to chemical energy Plants make sugars in the presence of sunlight in a process called photosynthesis. What form of carbon do the plants take in for this process? glucose molecule carbon dioxide single carbon atoms complex organic compounds Which type of organism would most likely benefit from increased levels of CO2? fish bird tree mushroom Which substance is produced as a by-product of both glycolysis and aerobic cellular respiration respiration? NADH acetyl-CoA ATP glucose Which step of cellular respiration results in the greatest amount of ATP production? Glycolysis Krebs Cycle Electron Transport Chain Fermentation The energy required to lift an object is supplied by ATP derived from the breakdown of molecules of glutamate glycerol glycolysis glucose Animal cells perform functions using energy that is derived from glucose (C6H12O6). Which molecule is required for animal cells to obtain the most energy possible from a molecule of glucose? water oxygen lactic acid carbon dioxide Cells in the body use oxygen (O2) for cellular respiration. Which is the result of cellular respiration? ATP is produced and carbon dioxide (CO2) is released. ATP is consumed and carbon dioxide (CO2) is released. ATP is produced and carbon dioxide (CO2) is absorbed. ATP is consumed and carbon dioxide (CO2) is absorbed. Label the Photosynthesis Respiration Diagram! Use the Word Bank to correctly label each box.WORD BANKATPchloroplastCO2 and waterglucose and O2mitochondrionsunlight sunlight CO2 and water chloroplast mitochondrion glucose and O2 ATP Products and Reactants Match Match the reactant(s) to the product they create. ADP + phosphate ATP NADP+ + 2 high-energy electrons + H+ NADPH CO2 + NADPH + ATP (Calvin Cycle) glucose glucose split into a 3-carbon compound pyruvic acid FAD + 2 high-energy electrons + H+ FADH2 NAD+ + 2 high-energy electrons + H+ NADH Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Fill-in-the-Blank! During the process of photosynthesis, light energy will be absorbed by chlorophyll found in the thylakoid membranes of a chloroplast. This will begin the light-dependent reactions. In these reactions, water and light will enter photosystem II, located in the thylakoid membrane. Water will be split into two hydrogen ions, and an oxygen atom. The oxygen atom will be released. Two high-energy electrons will then be passed on to NADP+, which will also join with a hydrogen ion to create the electron carrier NADPH. Also an ADP molecule will be attached to a phosphate group to create ATP. Both of these molecules will then move to the Calvin cycle, which occurs in the stroma. Carbon dioxide will enter the Calvin cycle and in a series of steps will become glucose. ATP will revert to ADP while NADPH will revert to NADP+. The products of photosynthesis will become the reactants of cellular respiration, as a heterotroph will breathe in O2 and ingest glucose. Glucose will enter the cytoplasm of a cell and undergo glycolysis, a process in which the 6-C molecule is broken down into two 3-C pyruvic acid molecules, 2 ATP molecules, and NADH are created. NADH is formed from NAD+, 2 high-energy electrons, and a hydrogen ion. The pyruvic acid will diffuse into the matrix of the mitochondria, where it will enter the Krebs cycle. Through a series of reactions, 2 ATP molecules and FADH2 will be created. FADH2 is created when FAD is joined by 2 high-energy electrons and a hydrogen ion. The additional carbon from pyruvic acid will become the carbon in a CO2 molecule and be exhaled. NADH and FADH2 will then give the high-energy electrons they carry to the electron transport chain. A phosphate group will be added to ADP to create ATP. NADH will revert to NAD+ and FADH2 will revert to FAD. Approximately 34 ATP molecules are created during this phase. The oxygen at the end of the electron transport chain will combine with 2 hydrogen ions and 2 low-energy electrons to become water. If oxygen is not available, then the Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain cannot occur. Glycolysis, however, will continue to create ATP anaerobically. There are two types of fermentations: lactic acid fermentation and alcoholic fermentation. In lactic acid fermentation, pyruvic acid is reduced by NADH to create lactate and regenerate NAD+. In alcoholic fermentation, pyruvic acid is converted to acetaldehyde, which is then reduced by NADH to ethanol to regenerate NAD+. Carbon dioxide is released. Muscle tissue in the human body will undergo lactic acid fermentation, which causes a burning sensation during exercise due to the energy demands of the cells in a low-oxygen environment. Alcoholic fermentation will occur in yeast, which creates the rise in bread. Label the Model of Cellular Respiration Please use the following; Glycolysis, glucose, pyruvate, Krebs Cycle, NADH, NAHD FADH2, Electron Transport Chain, O2, H2O, CO2, 2 ATP, 2ATP, 32-34 ATP glucose Glycolysis Pyruvate NADH Krebs Cycle NADH & FADH2 Electron Transport Chain O2 2 ATP H2O CO2 2 ATP 32-34 ATP