Genetics Vocabulary

Learn essential genetics vocabulary! Master heredity, alleles, genotype, and phenotype with our fun worksheet.

Intro to Genetics *Gametes are another term for sex cells Introduction to Genetics Video Matching - Part 1 Match the term with the correct definition Heterozygous two different alleles, a hybrid (Tt) Heredity The passing of characteristics from parent to offspring Genotype An organism's genetic make up, or alleles, for a trait Dominant Trait that overpowers and always shows even in the presence of a recessive allele Trait Distinguishing characteristic or quality Matching - Part 2 Homozygous Two alleles of the same form that makes up a genotype, purebred (TT or tt) Recessive Describes a trait that is often covered up; only seen when both alleles in a gene pair are lowercase Phenotype An organism's physical appearance Genetics The study of how traits are inherited Vegetative Propagation The ability of plants to reproduce by producing new plants from existing vegetative structures; new plant has identical DNA to original plant Matching - Part 3 Regeneration Type of asexual reproduction that uses cell division to regrow body parts Punnett Square A tool used to predict probability of certain traits in offspring Allele Different versions of a gene; represented by a letter; offspring receives one from each parent Sperm Male sex cell Asexual Reproduction Type of reproduction in which a new organism is produced by one parent with identical DNA to the parent Matching - Part 4 Budding Type of asexual reproduction that produces a bug that breaks away from the parent Sexual Reproduction Type of reproduction in which two parents form a unique offspring Egg Female sex cell Binary Fission Type of asexual reproduction where an organism splits in two, making two identical organisms Offspring Children or young of a particular parent - Fill in the blanks with the correct terms. 1. DNAis a double helix molecule.2. Chromosomesare strands of tightly wound DNA.3. Genesare section of a chromosome that carry the code for a particular trait. Genotype and Phenotype Practice For each genotype, indicate whether it is heterozygous (HE) or homozygous (HO). For example: HH is homozygous (HO). Genotype HE AA HO Ee HE Hh HE LL HO bb HO Qq HE Phenotype practice - For each of the genotypes, determine the phenotype.For example: Tall pea plants are dominant to short pea plants.Genotype - Tt Phenotype - tall Purple flowers are dominant to white flowers. (Answers will be either "purple" or "white".) Genotype Phenotype PP purple Pp purple pp white Round seeds are dominant to wrinkled. (Answers will be either "round" or "wrinkled".) Genotype Phenotype RR round Rr round rr wrinkled Genotype practice- for each of the phenotypes, list the genotype.For example:Tall pea plants are dominant to short pea plants.(use T and t)Phenotype - short Genotype - tt Straight hair is dominant to curly. (use "R" and "r") phenotype genotype Straight (homozygous) RR Straight (heterozygous) Rr Curly rr