Mendelian Genetics Review

Master Mendelian genetics! Review terms, Punnett squares, and inheritance. Perfect for high school biology.

Matching Match the term with the correct definition Heterozygous two different alleles, a hybrid (Tt) Heredity The passing of characteristics from parent to offspring Genotype The type of genes or alleles present in an organism Dominant The type of gene that always shows even in the presence of a recessive allele Trait Different forms of the same gene (EX: Tall vs. Short) Homozygous Two alleles of the same form that makes up a genotype, pure breed (TT or tt) Gregor Mendel The father of modern genetics Recessive For of a gene only expressed in a homozygous state (hidden allele) Phenotype An organism's physical appearance Genetics The study of heredity Gene A segment of DNA located on a chromosome that codes for a particular protein Mendelian Genetics - Fill in the blank with the correct term(s) 1. Punnett Squareis a table used to diagram the probability of getting certain genotypes.2. A monohybridcross looks at only one trait.3. A dihybridcross looks at two traits at a time.4. The Law of Independent Assortmentstates that each gene is inherited separately from others if they are on different chromosomes.5. The Law of Segregationstates that the 2 alleles for each trait separate as gametes form.6. Incomplete Dominanceis blending of traits; red flowers + white flowers = pink flowers7. Codominancehappens when both alleles are expressed equally, as in blood typing (A+B = AB)8. Sex-linkedY chromosome is controlled by genes on sex chromosomes and are often more common in males than in females; colorblindness and hemophilia are examples. Punnett Square Practice Both parents are tall (dominant allele). T T T TT TT T TT TT What is the percentage that their offspring will be short? One parent is heterozygous for their brown eyes while the other is homozygous for blue. Complete the cross and find the offspring. B b Bb bb Bb bb What are the chances that the parents will have a child with blue eyes? For each genotype, indicate whether it is heterozygous (HE) or homozygous (HO) Genotype HE AA HO Ee HE Hh HE LL HO bb HO Qq HE Phenotype practice - For each of the genotypes, determine the phenotype. Purple flowers are dominant to white flowers. Genotype Phenotype PP purple Pp purple pp white Round seeds are dominant to wrinkled. Genotype Phenotype RR round Rr round rr wrinkled Genotype practice - for each of the phenotypes, list the genotype Straight hair is dominant to curly. (use "R" and "r") phenotype genotype Straight (homozygous) RR Straight (heterozygous) Rr Curly rr Tail spikes are dominant to plain (us "T" and "t") Phenotype Gentotype Pointed (homozygous) TT Pointed (heterozygous) Tt Round tt