Protein Synthesis

Master Protein Synthesis! DNA, RNA, Transcription & Translation practice.

DNA vs RNA Label each vocabulary word as describing DNA or RNA. DNA double helix A, G, C, T contains deoxyribose sugar found in nucleus of eukaryotic cells Deoxyribonucleic acid RNA single helix A, G, C, U contains ribose sugar found in nucleus and cytoplasm Ribonucleic Acid Match the type of RNA with its function mRNA Provides the genetic code from the DNA to the ribosome tRNA Carries amino acids to the ribosome rRNA Makes up the ribosome DNA Transcription DNACGT - ATA - CAG - CTAmRNAGCA - UAU - GUC - GAU Transcription vs Translation Correctly separate the major differences between the two major processes in Protein Synthesis. Transcription Happens in the Nucleus Makes RNA First step of protein synthesis Uses DNA Copies the genetic code into a useable form for the cell Translation Happens in the Cytoplasm Makes Protein Second step of protein synthesis Uses mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA Expresses a gene via the use of the genetic code Transcription and Translation Model Complete of the missing blanks with this unit's vocabulary wordsDNA mRNA tRNA RibosomeTranscription Translation ProteinNucleus Cytoplasm Amino Acid DNA mRNA Nucleus Cytoplasm tRNA Amino Acid Protein Ribosome Transcription Translation Protein Synthesis Complete each section using the codon chart - use the full amino acid nameMake sure to follow protein synthesis rules (look for starts and stops - if the RNA will not code for anything, or is present before the start codon, put an X) DNA CGA TAC ATA GGG GAT ATG ATC AAA RNA GCU AUG UAU CCC CUA UAC UAG UUU Protein x Methionine Tyrosine Proline Leucine Tyrosine Stop x Types of RNA Correctly match the picture and definition for each type of RNA. RNA Definition Picture mRNA Carries the copy of DNA's code tRNA Brings the amino acid rRNA Makes the ribosome Match the mutation with its description Insertion Adds one or more bases - all amino acids past the mutation are affected Deletion Removes one or more bases - all amino acids past the mutation are affected Nonsense A nucleotide is changed, resulting in a premature stop codon Missense A nucleotide is changed, resulting in a change of amino acid Silent A nucleotide is changed, but the amino acid sequence is unchanged A partial DNA sequence for a normal protein and mutated protein are shown below:Normal: TAC ACC CTGMutated: TAC ACC CTAWhich of the following best describes the effect of the mutation shown? Nonsense, because there is no change to the protein Missense, because the mutated DNA codes for a different amino acid Silent, because there is no change to the protein Nonsense, because the mutated DNA codes for a premature stop Match the sequences to the proper mutation OriginalTAC GGA TCT AACMutatedTAC GGA TAT AAC Missense OriginalTAC GGA TCT AACMutatedTAC GGA TCC AAC Silent OriginalTAC GGA TCT AACMutatedTAC GGA TCT ATC Nonsense OriginalTAC GGA TCT AACMutatedTAC GTG ATA TAA C Insertion OriginalTAC GGA TCT AACMutatedTCG GAT CTA AC Deletion