Guided Reading: Cell Theory

Classify the following terms as Living or Non-Living: Living Tiger Cell Elephant Tree Mushroom Bacteria Non-Living Water Sun Soil Chair Table Moon ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ **READING** The Cell Theory The cell theory is one of the most important theories in the field of biology and is comprised of three fundamental statements:1.) All living things are composed of cells2.) Cells are the basic units of life3.) All cells are produced from existing cells (through cellular division Fill in the blanks below: 1.) All living things are composed of cells2.) Cells are the basic units of life3.) All cells are produced from pre-existing cells (through cellular division) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ **READING** Discovering the First Cell Robert Hooke was an English scientist who was interested in a lot of subjects, including nature. In 1665, Hooke used a microscope similar to the one in the picture below to observe and study cork, which lies just under the bark of the cork oak tree. He drew a picture of the cork pictured below on the left.The drawing that Hooke produced of the thin slice of cork looked a lot like a honeycomb with a lot of little “compartments” that he called cells. He called them cells because they looked like the rooms, called cells, that he and his fellow monks lived in. Hooke was actually observing the cell walls of dead plant cells. Many more observations by many more scientists were needed in order to understand the importance of Hooke’s discovery. Who was this passage about? Robert Hooke Anton von Leeuwenhoek Matthais Schleiden Theodor Schwann Rudolf Virchow What did he contribute to cell theory? All animals are made of cells All cells come from pre-existing cells. Cells are the basic unit of life Viewed the first living cell All plants are made of cells What substance was he studying, and from what organism did it come from? He studied a tree that came from cork. He studied cork that came from a tree. He studied cork that came from a tiger. He studied fur that came from a tiger He called the little compartments he observed "cells" because... they looked like the circles in tree trunks. they looked like the roads in the city. they looked like the rooms he lived in. they looked like jail houses. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ **READING** The Birth of Microbiology Though he owned his own drapery business, Anton van Leeuwenhoek was also an expert lens grinder. After seeing a copy of Robert Hooke’s illustrated book, Micrographia, van Leeuwenhoek began building his own microscopes. Unlike current microscopes that used 2 lenses that magnified objects by 20 or 30 times, van Leeuwenhoek was able to produce single-lens microscopes capable of magnifying objects up to 200 times!Van Leeuwenhoek’s single-lens microscopes were very small (only 3-4 inches long), but so were the specimens that he studied. Von Leeuwenhoek studied, “animalcules”, unicellular organisms from pond water.Anton van Leeuwenhoek is often called the “Father of Microbiology” because he is the first person to observe, draw, and describe microorganisms, living cells, with a microscope. Who was this passage about? Robert Hooke Anton van Leeuwenhoek Matthais Schleiden Theodor Schwann Rudolf Virchow Why he is called the father of microbiology? He found that all plants are made of cells. He found that all cells come from pre-existing cells. He found that all animals are made of cells. He viewed the first living cells. Observations What are some differences between Hooke's microscope and Leeuwenhoek's microscope? ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ **READING** The "Plant Guy" and the "Animal Guy" In 1838, after studying various plant tissues from many different plants, Matthias Schleiden, a German botanist, concluded that all plants are made up of cells. He further proposed that an embryonic plant arose from a single cell. Schleiden further stated that the cell is the basic building block of all plant matter. Both of his observations were fundamental to the cell theory.Just the next year in 1839, German zoologist, Theodor Schwann, concluded that all animals were composed of one or more cells. As a professor of physiology, Schwann demonstrated that mature animal tissues are traceable to embryonic cells. Who was this passage about? (Select all that apply) Robert Hooke Anton von Leeuwenhoek Matthais Schleiden Theodor Schwann Rudolf Virchow What did Schwann contribute to cell theory? All animals are made of cells All cells come from pre-existing cells. Cells are the basic unit of life Viewed the first living cell All plants are made of cells What did Schleiden contribute to cell theory? All animals are made of cells All cells come from pre-existing cells. Cells are the basic unit of life Viewed the first living cell All plants are made of cells When the work of both scientists was combined, what part of cell theory did it become? All cells come from preexisting cells. Cells are the basic units of life. All living things are made of cells. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ **READING** Where Cells Come From In 1855, taking Brown's original description of nuclei and observations by Karl Nägeli on cell division, the German physiologist, physician, pathologist, and anthropologist Rudolf Virchow was able to add a third tenet to the cell theory: “Omnis cellula e cellula,” or all cells develop only from existing cells. Working as a pathologist, Virchow was the first person to demonstrate that the cell theory applied to diseased tissue as well as healthy tissue, diseased cells arose from healthy cells of normal tissue Who was this passage about? Robert Hooke Anton von Leeuwenhoek Matthais Schleiden Theodor Schwann Rudolf Virchow What did he contribute to cell theory? All animals are made of cells All cells come from pre-existing cells. Cells are the basic unit of life Viewed the first living cell All plants are made of cells ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientists of Cell Theory Match each scientist with their contribution to Cell Theory. Robert Hooke Viewed the first cell; named the cell. Anton von Leeuwenhoek Viewed the first living cell; father of microbiology. Matthais Schleiden Stated that all plants are made of cells. Theodor Schwann Stated that all animals are made of cells. Rudolph Virchow Stated that all cells must come from pre-existing cells. Which of the following statements below make up the tenets of cell theory? (Select ALL that apply) All living things are made of cells. Living things respond to stimuli. All cells always die eventually. Cells are the basic unit of life. All cells come from pre-existing cells. All cells have to eat other cells