Evolution Review

Charles Darwin traveled the world on the HMS Beagle. He studied plants and animals on the Galapagos Islands. Seeing many finch species arise from one species led him to think of a form of evolution called adaptive radiation. He developed his theory of evolution by means of natural selection. It is often said to mean, "survival of the fittest." Who is credited with the Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection? Anton Van Leeuwenhoek Charles Darwin Jean Baptiste Lamarck A change that increases an organism's chance for survival is a(n)_. An example would be heron's having long, sharp beaks to catch fish. mutation variable adaptation New species can arise over time through a process when a physical barrier (like a river) divides a population. The name of this process is _. Homologous Structures Convergent Evolution Geographic Isolation Peppered Moths were studied in different areas of _ in the 19th and 20th centuries. England Canada New York Which type of moth had a favorable color between the years 1850-1950? Dark-colored moth. Light-colored Neither was favored What most likely happened to the environment between 1950-2000? [This is when light colored moths started to become more dominant.] It became less polluted. It became more polluted It did not have any meaningful change According to this cladogram, what does a Leopard have that a Turtle does not? Hair Amniotic Egg Four Walking Legs Jaws According to the cladogram, what does a Tuna fish have in common with a Salamander? Hair Amniotic Eggs Four Walking Legs Jaws Each group below only has 1 correct answer. See if you can figure out the answers. Homologous Structures The flippers of a whale perform a different function than the wings of a bat. Vestigial Structures The tailbone of a human has no known function Transitional Species A stage between fish and amphibian is discovered Embryology mammals and reptiles share similar structures during the early stages of their development. DNA Humans share 95-98% of their genetic information with chimpanzees. The above picture shows the forelimbs of 4 different animals. Even though the animals use the forelimbs for different purposes, the structures are very similar. What term describes such structures? Homologous structures Analogous structures Divergence Survival of the fittest When a species of shark splits off into two very different forms, like a Whale Shark and a Great White, that shows _ evolution. divergent convergent romantic When humans interfere with the evolutionary process to gain desired traits, it is called _ selection. natural special artificial primary