Digestive System Review Worksheet

Master the Digestive System! Label, identify functions, and understand digestion.

Label Fill on the image given below carefully. Mouth Salivary Gland Trachea Oesophagus Stomach Liver Gall Bladder Pancreas Duodenum Jejunum Ilium Large Intestine Rectum Anus Which part of the digestive system stores bile? Liver Gall Bladder Rectum Stomach Which part of the digestive system involves both physical changes and chemical changes? Oesophagus Pancreas Anus Stomach Where does the digestive process begin? Oesophagus Small Intestine Mouth Pancreas The process of involuntary muscles contracting and relaxing to move the food in the narrow tubes of the alimentary canal is called Peristalsis Sphincter gravity The name of the flap of tissue that closes the trachea when you swallow Oesophagus Larynx Pharynx Epiglottis Match the following Oral cavity Entranceway for food Tongue Positions food for chewing food with saliva bolus food down Teeth Physical breakdown of food Salivary Glands Produce saliva Epiglottis Stops food from entering the respiratory tract Pharynx Passageway for both food and air Oesophagus Pushes down the food into the stomach by the process of peristalsis Stomach the bolus is converted to chyme by further breakdown of food by the action of digestive enzymes and HCl. Duodenum prefers alkaline environment for the digestion of food Liver Produces bile that helps in breaking down the large fat molecules into tiny fat-droplets that can be easily digested Gall Bladder Stores Bladder Pancreas Produces all the three types of enzymes for the digestion of food in the duodenum Jejunum Where some of the digestion finishes off and absorption of nutrients begins Ileum Where absorption of nutrients is complete Large Intestine Storing food waste/ reabsorbing water from food/ contains helpful bacteria Anus Sphincter that regulates the release of feces Digestive Tract Organs vs. Accessory Organs Classify each item below as either part of the Digestive Tract or Accessory Organ group. Digestive Tract Pharynx Oesophagus Small Intestine Anus Accessory Organs Salivary Glands Pancreas Liver Gall Bladder Fill in the blanks Out of 5 major components of food which are carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins and minerals, and water, three of them need to be digested to extract the nutrients from. They are carbohydrates, fats and proteins. These are broken down chemically by the action of digestive enzymes. Carbohydrates are broken down by amylase, fats by lipase, and proteins by protease.In mouth, salivary amylase helps in beginning the chemical breakdown of food by acting on starch present in the food.In stomach, a protease by the name pepsin is released to begin the breakdown of protein in the food. It needs acidic environment to be able to function efficiently. Alongside chemical breakdown of food, the food is also broken down physically in the stomach.The food from the stomach enters the duodenum which is connected to pancreas, that produces all three types of enzymes. Bile helps provide alkaline environment for the action of enzymes on food here, and also help neutralise any of the excess acid.In Jejunum, nutrients from the food are absorbed by the villi, that are connected to the blood vessels, which help transport of absorbed nutrients to the entire body.In Ileum, the process of breaking down of food to extract nutrients is complete. In large intestine, water is absorbed from the remains and the left over is called stool which is pushed into the rectum, where it gets stored before it is excreted through anus. Match the following components of food with their end products Carbohydrates Sugar Glucose Proteins Amino Acids Fats Fatty Acids and Glycerol Explain how the small intestine, which fits into a fairly small space, manages to have such a large area for absorbing food.