Fitness Natural Selection & Review

Watch the short video on Darwin's Theory of Natural Selection, sometimes called "Survival of the Fittest" According to the video, "fitness" is- the measurement of an organism's adaptability in their environment the overall health of the organism in his environment the organism's ability to live long enough to reproduce and pass on its genes. the organisms speed and strength within its environment According to the video, the peppered moths were not able to cope with the affects the industrial revolution caused, therefore they- all died could not have as many offspring as the black moths increased in population ate all the black moths so they could have more offspring According to the video, the 15 species of finches Darwin studied had different shaped beaks because- they didn't like the way the others looked so they never mated with them the different beaks allowed them to occupy different niches on the island, each eating a different type of food the beaks allowed them to fight each other for the available food the different shapes attracted different mates to further diversify the species Identify the following as either Punctuated Equilibrium or Gradualism Gradualism Slow constant changes to a species over a long period of time Punctuated Equilibrium Sudden changes to a species over a short period of time that results in a new species Match the term to the definition- Speciation forming a new species from a species that already existed Extinction the elimination of a species Divergent Evolution A number of different species arising from one common ancestor Convergent Evolution when unrelated species develop similar functions (flying) Coevolution when 2 unrelated populations form a relationship and evolve in response to each other Choose the correct term that fills the blank. Homologous structures are structures that are very similar in form and came from a common ancestor. Analogous structures are structures that are similar between species but evolved separately. Vestigial structures are structures in the body left over from a previous ancestor, but no longer used by the modern species. The following image shows- homologous structures molecular homologies analogous structures developmental homologies When a snake keeper releases a large 5 foot python into the Florida Everglades, he is introducing a non-native species that may- compete with native species for food disrupt the ecosystem bring diseases that could kill off species in that ecosystem all of the above Choose the correct term to fit in the blank. During primary succession there is no soil only bare rock. Lichens a type of fungi must come in first to break down the rock then they die to form the first layer of soil. During secondary succession, soil is already present, so the pioneer species is mosses and ferns.