Neurophysiology Vocabulary Review

Review essential neurophysiology vocabulary and key neuron function terms.

Match the following terms, related to how neurons function, to their corresponding description. Action potential electrical signal produced in the axon of muscle fibers and neurons Graded potential electrical signal produced in the dendrites of neurons Chemically-gated channels ion channels that open in response to neurotransmitters being present Voltage-gated channels ion channels that open in response to changes in charge across the cell membrane Mechanically-gated channels ion channels that open in response to touch or pressure Leakage channels ion channels that are always open to movement; don't respond to any signals Match the following terms, related to how neurons function, to their corresponding description. Polarization the resting state of a neuron where there is more sodium outside the membrane compared to inside Depolarization the phase of an action potential where sodium flows in and the charge within the membrane becomes more positive Repolarization the phase of an action potential where potassium flows out and the charge within the membrane returns to -70mV Hyperpolarization the phase of an action potential where potassium channels stay open too long and the charge within the membrane becomes more negative than at rest Membrane potential the difference in charge or voltage across the cell membrane of a neuron