DNA to Protein Test

Master DNA to protein synthesis! Quiz covers structure, replication, transcription & translation.

PART 1: DNA Structure and Function What is the main function of DNA in living things? Holds code to produce all physical traits Stores energy Produces energy Allows movement The genetic code stored in DNA is determined by.... The order of nitrogen bases The order of sugars and phosphates The helix shape of the molecule How old the DNA is Which part of a nucleotide make up the sides or "backbone" of the DNA molecule? Nitrogen bases Sugar only Sugar and phosphate Phosphate only Which part of a nucleotide make up the middle of a DNA molecule? Nitrogen bases Sugar only Sugar and phosphate Phosphate only The STRONGEST bonds in a DNA molecule are found in the... Sides Center All bonds are equally strong The WEAKEST bonds in a DNA molecule are found in the... Sides Center All bonds are equally strong DNA Structure Diagram: Labeling On the diagram below, add the following labels: Nitrogen base, Phosphate, Sugar, Hydrogen bonds, Nucleotide Nucleotide Sugar Phosphate Nitrogen base Hydrogen bonds PART 2: DNA Replication Match each DNA replication Enzyme with its function. Helicase Enzyme which opens the DNA double helix so the genetic code can be read Single Stranded Binding Proteins Enzymes which temporarily hold the DNA double helix apart so the code can be copied Primase Enzyme which marks the starting point for DNA replication DNA Polymerase Enzyme responsible for reading the DNA template, and building a new matching half The end product of DNA replication is... One DNA molecule Two identical DNA molecules Two different DNA molecules One RNA molecule DNA is replicated because... It is good for the cell to have a lot of DNA The cell needs back up DNA The cell is about to divide and needs DNA for the new cell The DNA is mutated PART 3: Transcription and Translation Sort the information about transcription and translation into the correct columns. TRANSCRIPTION Occurs in the nucleus Produces RNA Uses the enzyme RNA Polymerase TRANSLATION Produces amino acid chains (proteins) Occurs in the cell cytoplasm Uses ribosomes and tRNA On the image below, label each molecule as RNA or DNA. RNA DNA Which of the following is TRUE about RNAbut NOT DNA? It holds the code for one gene at a time It is temporary It can leave the nucleus All of these The image below shows the process of RNA transcription. Use the bases on the DNA template strand to fill in the missing RNA bases (hint: think about the boggle assignment) U G A U G G