HN HW: Nuclear Reactions

1. What part of an atom undergoes change during radioactive decay? electrons protons nucleus 2. What determines whether or not an atom is unstable? electron to proton ratio is above 1.51:1 neutron to proton ratio is above 1.51:1 neutron to electron ratio is above 1.51:1 Band of Stability 3. What do the dots on the above graph represent? what dots? stable nuclei of small atoms stable nuclei of large atoms 4. How does a nuclear reaction differ from a chemical reaction? In other words, which subatomic particles are involved in a nuclear reaction; which are involved in a chemical reaction? 5. Differentiate between an alpha particle, beta particle, and gamma particle. Alpha Particle 2 protons +2 charge aka helium-4 stopped by paper real example: smoke detectors Beta Particle aka electrons -1 charge stopped by thin metal real example: used to treat eye and bone cancer Gamma Ray no mass, no charge high energy radiation stopped by lead or concrete usually accompany other radiation real example: x-rays 6-8. Nuclear Reactions Balance the above nuclear equation and indicate the type of decay.Draw the symbol, and then type the type of decay. Balance the above nuclear equation and indicate the type of decay.Draw the symbol, and then type the type of decay. Which of the following is the correct type of decay and resulting daughter isotope for the above nuclear equation? positron emission; carbon-13 electron capture; carbon-13 beta decay; oxygen-13 9. Write an equation for the electron capture of Al-26. 10. Write an equation for the beta and gamma decay of technetium-99. 11. Differentiate between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion. Fission splitting of atoms not natural chain reaction used in atomic bomb Chernobyl disaster Fusion combining of atoms occurs in stars requires a lot of energy used in Hydrogen bomb