Cold War Unit 8 Test

1. Relations between the U.S. and U.S.S.R. began to break down at these two WWII conferences (8.1.1)a. Yalta and Versaillesb. Potsdam and Hiroshimac. Yalta and Potsdamd. Potsdam and Warsaw 2. What was the Cold War? (8.1.1)a. An all out war between the U.S. and Germanyb. A contest for power and influence between the U.S.S.R. and the U.S.c. A nuclear war between the U.S. and U.S.S.R.d. A war with no fighting between the U.S. and U.S.S.R. 3. What two major countries were involved in the Cold War? (8.1.1.)a. The United States and the United Soviet Socialist Republics (U.S.S.R.)b. The United States and North Koreac. China and Koread. The United States and the WARSAW Pact “A shadow has fallen upon the scenes so lately lighted by the allied victory. Nobody knows what Soviet Russia and its Communist international organization intends to do in the immediate future, or what are the limits, if any, to their expansive and proselytizing [converting] tendencies [ways].” [Source: The Sinews of Power “Iron Curtain Speech” at Westminster College from Winston Churchill (1946)]4. What did Churchill suggest the US should do in his speech above? (8.1.1.)a. Launch nuclear weapons at the U.S.S.R.b. Fight communism in Turkey and Greecec. Contain the spread of communism in Europed. Covert to communism 5. This policy of Containment gave money and military aid to Turkey and Greece (8.1.1.)a. The Marshal Planb. The Truman Doctrinec. NATOd. The WARSAW Pact 6. This policy of Containment gave aid (money, supplies) to help rebuild countries in Europe after WWII so that they would not become communists. (8.1.1.)a. The Marshall Planb. The Truman Doctrinec. NATOd. The WARSAW Pact 7. The U.S. formed this alliance with other democratic countries as protection against a Soviet attack (8.1.1.)a. The Marshall Planb. The Truman Doctrinec. NATOd. The WARSAW Pact 8. What was the military alliance that the U.S.S.R. formed with eight other communist nations in response to the U.S. alliance in question #7? (8.1.1.)a. The Marshall Planb. The Truman Doctrinec. NATOd. The WARSAW Pact 9. How did Stalin react to the unification of the French, American,and British zones into West Germany? (8.1.2.)a. He blockaded access to Berlinb. He sent food and supplies to the people of Berlinc. He tried to contain the spread communism into Berlind. He declared war on West Germany 10. What parallel separated North and South Korea before the Korean War and still divides the two nations today? (8.1.2.)a. 40th parallelb. 38th parallelc. 108th paralleld. 58th parallel 11. What event led the United States to send soldiers into Vietnam to stop communism? (8.1.2)a. Tet Offensiveb. Viet Congc. Gulf of Tonkind. Ho Chi Minh 12. What was the term for Nixon’s exit strategy to pull troops out of Vietnam?( 8.1.2.)a. Tet Offensived. Vietnamizationc. NATOd. Truman Doctrine 13. What event symbolizes the downfall of communism? (8.1.3.)a. Gorbachev resigns as prime ministerb. The Vietnam War endsc. The fall of the Berlin Walld. Poland becomes a free country 14. What event brought the US and USSR to the brink of war? (8.1.2.)a. Korean Warb. Chilec. U2 spy plane incidentd. Cuban Missile crisis 15. What did the Soviets build in Berlin to separate communist Berlin and non-communist Berlin? (8.1.2.)a. Memorialb. Wallc. Missilesd. The Soviets didn’t build anything 16. What event caused the Korean War? (8.1.2.)a. China invaded South Koreab. South Korea invaded North Koreac. North Korea invaded South Koread. US invaded North Korea 17. Which USSR leader did Ronald Reagan eventually develop a close relationship with to help lead to the end of the Cold War? (8.1.3)a. Stalinb. Castroc. Khrushchevd. Gorbachev 18. What was the name of the tragic event in which United States soldiers slaughtered hundreds of innocent people including mostly the elderly and children during the Vietnam War? (8.1.2)a. My Laib. Tet Offensivec. Gulf of Tonkind. Korean War 19. How did the development of nuclear technology affect international relations? (8.1.2)a. The U.S. and the Soviet Union began competing in the arms race.b. Nations stopped fighting “limited wars”.c. Fear of nuclear weapons forced improved relations.d. Nuclear technology had little impact on international relations. 20. Which of the following showed that the U.S. did not completely trust the Soviet Union during WWII? (8.1.1)a. The delayed opening of a western front in Europe.b. The North African campaign.c. The formation of a democratic Polish government.d. The secret development of the atomic bomb. 21. NSC-68 recommended that the U.S. (8.1.1)a. Support freedom fighters in East Germany and Hungary.b. Pursue treaties with the Soviet Union for arms reductions.c. Quadruple it defense budget.d. Recognize the communist government in China. 22. Which is not a reason we lost the Vietnam War? (8.1.2)a. U.S. troops were not used to combat in tropical terrain and conditionsb. Guerilla warfare made the fighting very difficultc. The North Vietnamese had better weapons than the USd. A strong anti-war movement at home hurt the morale of the war 23. What was Ronald Reagan’s major defense plan that called for the use of satellites in space to shoot down nuclear missiles? (8.1.3)a. National Defense Education Actb. Strategic Defense Initiative (“Star Wars”)c. Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (S.A.L.T.)d. Détente 24. What enabled North Vietnam to send troops to South Vietnam? (8.1.2)a. The Ho Chi Minh Trailb. The fall of Dien Bien Phuc. The strategic hamlet programd. Operation Rolling Thunder 25. What were the Strategic Arms Limitations Talks? (8.1.2)a. Agreement between U.S.S.R. and U.S. to end the warb. Ronald Reagan’s plan to use satellites to shoot down nuclear missilesc. Agreement between the U.S.S.R. and U.S. to limit their number of nuclear warheadsd. A negotiated cease-fi re agreement between North and South Vietnam 26. How did the JFK and the United States successfully handle the Cuban Missile Crisis? (8.1.2) a. with a bombing raid against the missile sites in Cuba b. with a naval blockade of Cuba that forced the U.S.S.R. to remove the missiles c. with a successful invasion of Cuba that killed Fidel Castro d. with peace talks that convinced Khrushchev to remove the missiles 27. Truman responded to Stalin’s blockade of Berlin after WWII with this massive military operation to supply the city with food and supplies. (8.1.2) a. Cuban Missile Crisis b. Berlin Airlift c. Berlin Wall d. Operation Torch 28. What did M.A.D. stand for? a. Mutual Alliance for Defense b. Money Association Deadline c. Mutual Assured Destruction d. Missile Aggression Deterrent 29. What did the National Defense Education Act (NDEA) spend $1 dollars on? a. Pubic facilities b. Missile construction sites c. Astronauts d. Science teachers and researchers 30. What was the Bay of Pigs? a. The event that destroyed the Berlin Wall b. A failed CIA operation to invade Cuba c. Mikhail Gorbachev’s plan to put missiles in Cuba d. The main nuclear missile cite in Cuba _ 31. After the U.S. backed a group that overthrew the Nationalist leader in power, the Pro-American Shah was restored to power. (8.1.2) _ 32. U.S. CIA helped to oust the current president and land was restored to the American business United Fruit Company. (8.1.2) _ 33. A United Nations coalition led by the United States were pushed back Chinese forces, dividing this nation at the 38th parallel. (8.1.2) _ 34. The U.S. quietly lent support to the coup that overthrew the socialist leader in this South American country. (8.1.2) _ 35. After years of civil war, the anti-communist group, UNITA, claimed victory in this African country. (8.1.2) 36. _, was a the first Soviet satellite to be sent into Earth’s orbit in 1954 37. The most famous politician of the Second Red Scare _, claimed to have a list of 250 known communists in the U.S. government 38. _ was a series of capitalist reforms led by Mikhail Gorbachev in the U.S.S.R. 39. A group of famous film producers and celebrities who were blacklisted after refusing to testify in front of congress were known as the _. 40. _ was a Congressional body set up to investigate possible communist spies in America 41. The _ refers to the U.S. and the Soviet Union competitively building nuclear weapons. 42. According the _ if one nation comes under Communist control, then neighboring nations will also come under Communist control 43. The _ refers to the competition between the U.S. and the Soviet Union to put a satellite into space. 44. _ is the principal of not backing down in a crisis, even if it meant taking the country to the brink of war. 45. Nixon and Kissinger’s policy of _ focused on lessening Cold War tensions abroad. 46. During which year shown on the graph did defense spending reach its highest percentage of the total U.S. budget? (8.1.2.)a. 1945b. 1950c. 1955d. 1965 47. During which year did human resources account for its lowest percentage of the budget? (8.1.2.)a. 1945b. 1950c. 1955d. 1965 48. Approximately what percentage was spent on human resources in 1965? (8.1.2.)a. 10%b. 15%c. 30%d. 40% 49. What would explain the major drop in national defense spending after 1945? (8.1.2.)a. The start of the Cold Warb. The start of the Vietnam Warc. The end of WWIId. FDR’s New Deal 50. What might account for the drastic peace time increase in national defense spending after 1950?(8.1.2.)a. NSC-68b. NATOc. The Marshall Pland. FDR’s New Deal 51. Who are the two leaders depicted in the political cartoon above?a. Eisenhower and Khrushchevb. Reagan and Gorbachevc. Kennedy and Khrushchevd. Truman and Stalin 52. Which Cold War policy does political cartoon #1 (above) most closely align with?a. McCarthyismb. M.A.D.c. The Domino Theoryd. Containment 53. Which Cold War policy does political cartoon #2 (on the left) most closely align with?a. McCarthyismb. M.A.D.c. The Domino Theoryd. Containment 54. What was the result of HUAC’s investigations according to the political cartoon #2 (on the left)?a. They successfully found communist spiesb. They hurt innocent people’s livesc. They killed three peopled. They won the Cold War 55. Which Cold War policy does political cartoon #3 (right) most closely align with?a. McCarthyismb. M.A.D.c. The Domino Theoryd. Containment _ 56. driven by free enterprisea. capitalism b. communism _ 57. property is owned by the governmenta. capitalism b. communism _ 58. no classes—everyone is equala. capitalism b. communism _ 59. wealth distributed unequallya. capitalism b. communism _ 60. “To each according to their need…”a. capitalism b. communism