Ecology Review

Review essential ecology topics for 9th grade! Understand food chains, symbiosis, and energy flow in ecosystems.

List the levels of ecology from the smallest (most specific) to the broadest Organism --> Population --> Community --> Ecosystem --> Biome --> Biosphere Match the description with the appropriate level of ecology: A single ant organism A colony of ants Population The ants, grass, and flowers found in a certain area Community The ants, grass, flowers, sun, and soil in a certain area Ecosystem A group of biotic and abiotic factors that share a similar climate and weather patterns Biome The portion of the earth that supports life Biosphere Add the missing levels using the words listed below. In order to receive credit the word needs to be typed in lowercase and spelled correctly, just like the word bank!! WORD BANK: atom, biosphere, cell, community, ecosystem, molecule, organ system, organelle, organism, organ, population, and tissue atom biosphere molecule organelle cell ecosystem community tissue organ population organ system organism The main difference between a community and an ecosystem is that a community only includes biotic factors whereas ecosystems include biotic and abiotic factors Symbiosis Review In the table below, use the drop-down box to provide a definition and example of each type of symbiosis. The images will go in the row titled symbols Definition Mutualism Parasitism Commensalism Definition Symbiotic relationship where both organisms benefit Symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits by harming another organism known as the host Symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed Example Ex: Certain birds live on buffalo and eat insects and parasites off of the buffalo Ex: A wasp injects its eggs into another organism and steals the organism's nutrients Ex: Small fish swim under bigger fish for protection Symbols + + + Use the word bank to complete the sentences below: 1. A producer is an organism at the beginning of a food chain because they can produce their own food using energy from the sun2. Organisms that feed off of other organisms and cannot make their own are known as heterotrophs3. A nonliving part of the environment is a(n) abioticfactor4. A living part of the environment is a(n) biotic factor5. A consumer that eats only plants is known as a herbivore6. A consumer that eats both plants and animals is called an omnivore7. Energy is transferred through an ecosystem by eating or consuming food and is represented on food chains and food webs using arrows8. Decomposers breakdown decaying organisms and nutrients are put back into the soil by bacteria and fungi Food Chains and Food Webs Use the following food chain to answer the questions below: - The arrows represent energy - In this food chain, which organism is the producer? grass - In this food chain, which organism is the primary consumer? grasshopper- In this food chain, which organism is the tertiary consumer? snake- In this food chain, which organism is an herbivore? grasshopper - What type of consumers are the frog and the snake? carnivores- If the frog population increased, what would happen to the grasshopper population? decrease- If the frog population increased, what would happen to the snake population? increase- Which organism has the highest amount of energy? grass- Which organism has the lowest amount of energy? snake- What was the original source of energy in this food web? Sun Use the food web below to answer the following questions What level of consumer is a wild cat? Primary Consumer Secondary Consumer Tertiary Consumer Both Secondary Tertiary Consumer What level of consumer is a goat? Primary Consumer Secondary Consumer Tertiary Consumer Producer Which organism can be both a primary and a secondary consumer? Owl Wild Cat Rabbit Snake What kingdoms are missing from the food web that play a critical role in breaking down matter so nutrients can be recycled? ? Plantae Bacteria Fungi Animalia Protista This food chain can be found in the coastal waters of Virginia. The population of which organisms in the food chain would be the first to decline if commercial fishing over-harvested shrimp? Algae Zooplankton Damselfish Barracuda Label the following energy pyramid with the amount of energy available to each level on the right side. The producers will start with 10000J of energy. Type 10000J on the label button to the right of the producer section on the energy pyramid and then complete the above label buttons applying the 10% rule. Make sure your number format follows this example 10000J(Number, capital J, no spaces, no commas)On the left, label what form the missing energy is lost as. heat 10000J 1000J 100J 10J