Unit 1 Test Nuclear Physics

Use the following models to compare and contrast nuclear processes including radioactive decay, fission, and fusion Model AModel BModel C Radioactive Decay Model B alpha decay beta the nucleus of an unstable atom spontaneously decays, releasing energy and matter gamma Fusion Model C powers the sun two smaller mass nuclei combine to form a nuclei with a larger mass does not cause air pollution or produce nuclear waste produces the greatest amount of energy Fission Model A powers electrical plants a nuclei with a larger mass splits into two nuclei with smaller masses does not produce air pollution but does produce radioactive waste chain reactions are caused by the free neutrons released Identify the type of decay. alpha beta negative beta positive gamma How much of a 20g sample of Na-24 would remain after decaying for 30 hours? The half-life for Na-24 is 15 hours? Remaining amount = (½)n x starting amount n= # of half lives# of half-lives = TT x 1 A skull believed to belong to an early human is found to have a carbon-14 content of 3.125%. How old is the skull? Carbon -14 has a half-life of 5730 years. Remaining amount = (½)n x starting amount n= # of half lives# of half-lives = TT x 1 All isotopes of technetium are radioactive, but they have widely varying half-lives. If an 800g sample of technetium-99 decays to 100g in 639,000 years, what is its half-life? Remaining amount = (½)n x starting amount n= # of half lives# of half-lives = TT x 1 Alpha, beta, and gamma radiation have different penetrating abilities, as shown in the diagram.Which of the following BEST explains the difference between the penetrating abilities of different types of radiation? Alpha radiation travels the farthest with its long wavelength and low frequency. This makes it stronger and more penetrative than beta or gamma. Gamma radiation travels using the smallest wavelength and highest frequency of light and does not contain particles, making it stronger and more penetrative than beta or alpha radiation. Beta is the smallest particle and moves at the speed of light, making it stronger and more penetrative than gamma or alpha radiation. The equation represents a nuclear reaction. alpha beta gamma The graph below depicts the spontaneous nuclear decay of Pb-211 to Hg-207 to Tl-207 to Pb-207.Which order correctly lists the nuclear decay modes for the change from Pb-211 to Pb-207? alpha decay, beta decay, beta decay beta decay, alpha decay, alpha decay beta decay, gamma decay, beta decay alpha decay, gamma decay, alpha decay The chemical equation below represents a fusion reaction.H + H→X+ energy Which particle is represented by X? Which type of radiation is most similar to high-energy X-rays? alpha beta gamma neutron What two nuclei combine in a fusion reaction? select two answers. deuterium uranium helium tritium