THERMODYNAMICS (Heat Transfer Wrap-Up

Master heat transfer: understand conduction, convection, radiation, specific heat, and more!

_ a measure of the average value of the kinetic energy of the particles in an object. Heat energy Cold energy Temperature _ is the sum of the kinetic and potential energy of all particles in an object. Thermal energy Kinetic energy Potential energy Thermal energy that flows from something at a higher temperature to something at a lower temperature is... temperature heat kinetic energy The amount of heat a substance needs to raise the temperature of 1 kg of that substance by 1°C is... moderate heat bonding heat specific heat Which substances in the table takes the longest time to heat up? (Which ones has the highest specific heat?) glass and water wood and iron water and wood What is the formula for calculating specific heat? Q = m x ΔT x c J = m x ΔT x c c = m x ΔT x Q The device used to find the specific heat of a material is a--- calorimeter thermometer calculator The ways in which thermal energy is transferred are: conduction and convection only convection and radiation only conduction, convection and radiation _ is the type of thermal energy transfer that occurs between the particles within a substance or between two substances bumping into each other and transferring kinetic energy. Conduction Convection Radiation _ is the transfer of thermal energy in a fluid by the movement of warmer and cooler fluids from one placed to another. Conduction Convection Radiation _ is the transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves. Energy is carried through solids, liquids, and gases. Conduction Convection Radiation A _ is a material in which heat flows slowly. thermal conductor thermal insulator thermal capacitor Thermodynamics is the study of the relationship among thermal energy, _ and _ . (from the video yesterday). insulators, conductors heat, energy heat, work What are the units used to calculate specific heat? Select the correct unit used for calculating specific heat. Specific Heat Symbols Units Q (thermal energy) J m (mass) kg ΔT (change in temperature) °C or K Cp ( specific heat) J x °C Temperature and kinetic energy are related. The faster the particles move in a solution, the more friction produced, the hotter the solution becomes. So, what is kinetic energy? energy of position energy of motion High temperatures mean that molecules are moving very fast slow A material in which thermal energy is transferred slowly is a conductor. True False A material in which thermal energy is transferred rapidly is an insulator. True False What are the descriptions and units used to calculate thermal energy? Use the following terms to label the formula. MAKE SURE TO WRITE THEM AS THEY ARE WRITTEN BELOW.specificheat (J x °C )thermal energy (J)mass (kg)change in temperature Tf-Ti (°C or K) thermal energy (J) mass (kg) specific heat (J x °C) change in temperature Tf-Ti (°C or K) Which of the following best explains the scenario below?On a summer morning, John walks barefoot across his paved driveway with no problem. However, later that afternoon he steps barefoot onto the same driveway and must quickly run off because the bottoms of his feet feel like they are burning. As the temperature increased during the day, the particles in the pavement moved slower and the thermal energy increased. As the temperature increased during the day, the particles in the pavement moved slower and the thermal energy decreased. As the temperature increased during the day, the particles in the pavement moved faster and the thermal energy increased. As the temperature increased during the day, the particles in the pavement moved faster and the thermal energy decreased. If Mrs. Gruben burns her hand grabbing a hot cup of coffee, what type of thermal energy transfer has taken place? Radiation Convection Conduction When you add hot water to cold water, the cold water warms up because of--- insulation convection radiation solar energy Choose the following materials that would make good conductors. Copper Glass Plastic Sweatshirt Gold Wood Rubber Aluminum Ike is cooking a piece of ham in a pan because he wants to help his mom out during this shelter in place. Which of the three methods of heat transfer is being demonstrated? friction conduction insulation As water begins to boil in a kettle, the hotter water at the bottom of the kettle closest to the stove begins to rise and the cooler water above sinks and warms. This is an example of-- conduction radiation convection Which of the following most accurately describes how an insulated lunch bag keeps your food cool The material prevents the cool air from leaving the bag. The material destroys thermal energy. The material prevents thermal energy outside from flowing into the bag. A wet shirt is put on a clothesline to dry on a sunny day. The shirt dries because water molecules -- gain heat energy and condense. gain heat energy and evaporate. lose heat energy and condense. lose heat energy and evaporate. Kailey holds the end of a metal rod in the flame of a Bunsen burner. After a couple of minutes the rod becomes too hot for Kailey to hold. Which of the following caused the heating of the rod? radiation convection conduction Match the description with the form of thermal energy transfer. You sit in front of a fireplace and feel the warmth coming from it. radiation Packing cans of soda in a cooler full of ice will cause them to become very cold. conduction A swimming pool's water is cooler at the deep end. convection Teaghan and her little brother and sister are walking barefoot on the beach on an extremely hot day (even though they are supposed to be at home). They feel their feet becoming very hot. What explanation would Teaghan give to her friends as to why this is happening (not that they would be talking about this)? She would tell her friends that their feet are hot because the heat is RADIATING from the sand to the bottom of their feet. She would tell her friends that their feet are hot because the RADIATION from the Sun is directly hitting their feet and warming them. She would tell her friends that their feet are hot because the contact between their feet and the sand is trapping the heat. She would lie to her friends because she doesn't want them to know that she went to the beach during a shelter in place order (this is NOT the answer!). Choose the following materials that would make good insulators. Copper Glass Plastic Sweatshirt Gold Wood Rubber Aluminum