Genetics Part 1 Retest

Ready for a genetics challenge? Test your knowledge on Mendelian inheritance, Punnett squares, and more!

1. What did Gregor Mendel concluded about traits? They are determined by dominant factors only. They are determined by recessive factors only. They are not inherited by offspring. Factors are received from parents. 2. Why did Gregor Mendel find that nooffspringwere white when he crossed true-breeding (purebred) purple-flowered plants with true-breeding (purebred) white-flowered plants? the allele for white-flowered plants is dominant. the allele for purple-flowered plants is dominant. the allele for purple-flowered plants is recessive. they were true-breeding like their parents. 3. In the parent (P) generation, a true-breeding tall plant (dominant) is crossed with a true-breeding short plant (recessive). What is the probability that an offspring will be tall? 25% 50% 75% 100% 4. What law states that during gamete formation, alleles on homologous chromosomes are separated from one another? law of independent assortment law of dominance law of probabilities law of segregation 5. A child inherits a rare genetic disorder that her parents do not display. Which of the following would explain this phenomenon? Her parents are both homozygous recessive. She has inherited two recessive alleles. Her mother is heterozygous and her father is homozygous recessive. She had a genetic mutation. 6. A scientist crossed two tall pea plants. Of the 400 offspring produced, 300 were tall and 100 were short. Which of the following explains these results? The allele for tall pea plants is dominant. The offspring are homozygous dominant. The allele for short pea plants is dominant. The offspring inherited a new mutation. 7. Which of the following statements does a Punnett square show? the number of children that the parents will have all possible results of a genetic cross only some of the possible genotypes of the offspring the actual results of a genetic cross 8. What type of organism would you cross an individual with an unknown genotype when performing a test cross? Homozygous dominant Heterozygous recessive Heterozygous Homozygous recessive 9. A common mutation in cats is polydactyl, the presence of extra toes.Cats with the dominant allele (D) have extra toes on the front feet.Cats with the genotype dd have the normal number of toes.What is the probability that the offspring of two cats, one with the normal number of toes and one that is homozygous dominant, will display polydactyl? 25% 50% 75% 100% 10. If the results of a test cross came up 100% tall and 0% short, the unknown individual must have had which of the following genotypes? TT Tt tt 11. In a species of bat, the allele for black eyes (B) is dominant to the allele for brown eyes (b).Black eye color in the bats is not sex-linked. Students crossed male and female bats that had black eyes and recorded the eye color of their offspring. Their data are shown below: Bat OffspringEye ColorNumber of OffspringBlack46Brown47What are the most likely genotypes of the parent bats? Bb and bb bb and bb Bb and Bb BB and Bb 12. In horses, the allele for straight hair (B) is dominant to the allele for curly hair (b).Which of these sets of parents can produce only offspring with straight hair? a heterozygous male with straight hair and a homozygous female with curly hair a heterozygous male with straight hair and a heterozygous female with straight hair a homozygous male with straight hair and a homozygous female with straight hair a homozygous male with curly hair and a heterozygous female with straight hair 13. In cats, the gene for short hair is dominant over the gene for long hair.A male cat mated with a female producing a liter of 4 short haired and 4 longed hair kittens. What are the genotypes of the parents? HH and hh Hh and Hh Hh and hh HH and Hh 14. The pedigree below shows the occurrence of red-green colorblindness in four generations of a family.How many carriers of red-green colorblindness are shown in the pedigree? 3 4 7 12 15. The pedigree below shows the occurrence of red-green colorblindness in four generations of a family.In generation IV, individual 1 married a woman who is a carrier of red-green colorblindness. If they have a female child, what is the chance that she will be born with red-green colorblindness? 0% 25% 50% 100% 16. The pedigree below shows the occurrence of red-green colorblindness in four generations of a family. How are Generation III, Individual 3 and Individual 6 related? brothers brother and sister cousins aunt and uncle 17. What is the term carrier also known as? homozygous dominant heterozygous homozygous recessive purebred 18. A group of students wanted to determine how the ability to taste PTC, a nontoxic chemical, is passed from one generation to the next.The students decided to test families in their community for this ability. The students gave each family member a paper strip coated with a small amount of PTC. Those who experienced the bitter taste of PTC when they touched the paper strips to their tongues were called "tasters"; those who could not taste the PTC were called "nontasters."The results of the experiment are shown in the table below.Which of these explains how a taster parent and a non-taster parent could produce a non-taster child, based on these results? One parent is heterozygous and the other parent is homozygous dominant. One parent is homozygous dominant and the other parent is homozygous recessive. Both parents are heterozygous. Both parents are homozygous recessive. 19. A group of students wanted to determine how the ability to taste PTC, a nontoxic chemical, is passed from one generation to the next.The students decided to test families in their community for this ability. The students gave each family member a paper strip coated with a small amount of PTC. Those who experienced the bitter taste of PTC when they touched the paper strips to their tongues were called "tasters"; those who could not taste the PTC were called "nontasters."The results of the experiment are shown in the table below.Based on the given data, the allele for non-tasting PTC is most likely which of the following? dominant sex-linked recessive heterozygous 20. Muscular dystrophy is a sex-linked, recessive disorder. How can a male get infected with muscular dystrophy? An Xd allele from his father and mother. An Xd from his mother only. An XD allele from his father and mother. An XD from his mother only. Sex Linked Problem 21. A genetic disorder is sex-linked and is caused by a recessive allele (e).The allele for the unaffected condition (E) is dominant.A woman who is not a carrier of this disorder and does not have the disease marries a man who has the disorder. The couple would like to have a child, but they are concerned that their child will inherit the disorder.Construct a Punnett square to show if the child will inherit the disorder and then answer the following questions 22-24. Use XE and Xe for the traits.Use XE and Xe when putting your letters on the square. Do NOT put spaces between the letters.Put the female on top of the Punnett square and the male on the side of the Punnett square so it will grade you correctly. XEXe XEXe XEY XEY Xe Y XE XE 22. If the couple has a child, what is the probability the child will inherit the disorder? 23. If the couple has a girl, what is the probability the girl will not inherit the disorder? 24. If the couple has a boy, what is the probability the boy will inherit the disorder?