Plate Tectonics Review

Master plate tectonics! Review Earth's dynamic layers and movements.

The movement of a fluid caused by differences in temperature that transfers heat from one part of a fluid to another. subduction convection current mid-ocean ridge sea-floor spreading What is Pangaea? The name of a German scientist The name of an ancient fossil Another name for continental drift The name of the supercontinent that existed millions of years ago What is Plate Tectonics? a theory that all the continents were once together a theory that says the Earth's lithosphere is in constant slow motion. a theory that the sea-floor spreads a theory that the earth was once larger and shrunk, causing the mountains and valleys What happens during Sea-floor Spreading? when molten material rises from the mantle and erupts when the north and south pole switches directions when crust is forced back down into the mantle when volcanoes form along the edges of continents When the ocean floor sinks into a trench and back into the mantle and melts: convection continental drift subduction conduction The type of boundary where two plates slide past each other without any up or down movement: convergent divergent transform The type of boundary where two plates move towards each other: convergent divergent transform The type of boundary where two plates move away from each other in opposite directions: convergent divergent transform What feature forms during Sea-floor Spreading? mountains rift valley trenches pangaea Where in the Earth are convection currents? crust asthenosphere outer core lithosphere What was Wegener's Theory of Continental Drift? Earth is slowly cooling and shrinking Earth's surface is made of seven major landmasses the continents were once joined together in a single landmass the continents do not move Why did geologists reject Wegener's ideas? He did not have any fossil evidence He could not say how the continents moved He could not explain how the landforms matched up He did not have any climate evidence. How would Wegener explain the following: glacial deposits found in an area that is warm, such as southern Africa. Africa was once located in a colder area and has since drifted. The weather in Africa has changed since then. Africa was once connected to a colder continent and that continent has moved Wegener had no explanation, this was the evidence he was missing. How do scientists map the ocean floor? deep-sea diving sonar satellites submarines What allows the lithospheric plates to move over the asthenosphere? gravity subduction Earth's magnetic field convection currents What are the two types of lithospheric crust? continental and convergent continental and oceanic oceanic and convergent divergent and oceanic What happens when plates of different densities collide? the more dense plate goes under the less dense plate both plates are pushed up the less dense plate goes under the more dense plate a rift forms What happens when plates of the same densities collide? the more dense plate goes under the less dense plate both plates are pushed up the less dense plate goes under the more dense plate a rift forms What layer of the Earth do we live on? crust mantle outer core inner core Which layer spins to produce the magnetic field? crust mantle outer core inner core Which layer contains the asthenosphere? crust mantle outer core inner core Which layer is a molten layer consisting of iron and nickel? crust mantle outer core inner core Label the layers of the Earth: crust mantle outer core inner core What forms at convergent plate boundaries? mountains,trenches, and volcanoes rift valleys and mid-ocean ridges nothing, crust is neither created nor destroyed What forms at transform plate boundaries? mountains,trenches, and volcanoes rift valleys and mid-ocean ridges nothing, crust is neither created nor destroyed What forms at divergent plate boundaries? mountains,trenches, and volcanoes rift valleys and mid-ocean ridges nothing, crust is neither created nor destroyed How fast do the plates move each year? 1-10 centimeters 1-10 meters 1-10 miles 1-10 kilometers Label the plate boundaries in the diagram. divergent convergent Fill in what process is happening at A and what process is happening at C. sea-floor spreading subduction