Classifying Matter: Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures

Matter - Take Notes! Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. Everything that around us is made up of matter. All matter is made up of atoms.We can classify matter in two ways:1) According to its physical state - solid, liquid, or gas.2) According to its composition - elements, compounds, or mixtures.This lesson focuses on classifying matter according to its composition. Pure Substances-Take Notes! Pure substances contain only one substance (type of matter). They have constant physical and chemical properties. Pure substances can be elements or compounds.ElementsElements are pure substances that cannot be broken down into any other substance. They are made up of only one kind of atom. All known elements are listed on the periodic table. There are currently 118 elements on the periodic table.Examples: Oxygen, Carbon, Gold, Iron, Helium...CompoundsCompounds are pure substances that are made up of two or more types of atoms that have chemically bonded together. Compounds can be separated by physical means but not by chemical means. Compounds have different properties from the elements that created them.Examples: H2O (water), NaCl (table salt), C6H12O6 (glucose), CO2 (carbon dioxide) Mixtures-Take Notes! Mixtures contain two or more substances mixed together. No chemical bonding occurs between the substances and no chemical reactions take place. The substances can be separated by physical means. Each substance keeps its own physical and chemical properties.There are two types of mixtures: homogeneous mixtures and heterogeneous mixtures.HomogeneousMixturesHomogeneous mixtures look the same throughout, meaning you cannot see the individual substances. They are also called solutions.Examples: Chocolate milkshake, tomato soup, Koolaid, salt water, jelloHeterogeneous MixturesHeterogeneous mixtures do not look the same throughout. Two or more substances are visible.Example: milk and cereal, chicken noodle soup, cookies and cream milkshake, salad, jello with mixed fruit Sort the following examples of matter into the correct category: element, compound, or mixture (heterogeneous or homogeneous). Hint: If you can find it on the periodic table, it is an element.If it has a chemical formula, it is a compound (the chemical formulas tell you which types of atoms bonded together). Elements Potassium (K) Aluminum (Al) Helium (He) Neon (Ne) Oxygen (O) Titanium (Ti) Gold (Ag) Mercury (Hg) Homogeneous Mixtures Blood Salt water Air Milk Compounds Glucose (C6H12O6) Salt (NaCl) Baking Soda (NaHCO3) Water (H2O) Rust (Fe2O3) Vinegar (C2H2O2) Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) Ammonia (NH3) Heterogeneous Mixtures Vegetable soup Salt and Pepper Italian salad dressing Soil