Body Systems

What does the digestive system do? breaks down food and drink into smaller pieces so the body can use them to build and nourish cells and to provide energy. breaks down food and drink into smaller pieces so the body can use them to create cells breaks down food and drink into smaller pieces so the stomach can send them out as waste. Pharynx small intestine mouth rectum large intestine stomach Esophagus What does the Nervous System Do? Match the two type of neurons Sensory Neurons take information from the eyes, ears, nose, tongue, and skin to the brain. Motor Neurons carry messages away from the brain and back to the rest of the body. What two parts make up the nervous system? Esophagus and rectum Central and Peripheral Cerebrum and Cerebellum Define the 3 main parts of the central nervous system Cerebrum 85% of the brain, controls thinking, long- and short-term memory Cerebellum located at the back of the brain, controls balance Spinal Cord connects neurons to the brain Fill in the blanks about the Peripheral Nervous System The Peripheral Nervous system is made up of a huge network of interconnecting neurons across the body.Cranial Nerves affect the motion and feeling in the face; they do not pass through the spinal cord. Fill in the blanks about the Endocrine System The Endocrine system helps regulate and maintain various body functions making and releasing hormones.Common problems are Diabetes and thyroid disordersENDOCRINE = HORMONES Put the functions and the glands together Pituitary Gland Master Gland Controls all endocrine glands Hypothalamus Controls metabolism and homeostasis Parathyroid Gland Controls calcium in blood and bones Adrenal Gland Controls metabolism and stress responses Pinal Gland Regulates wake cycle Reproductive Glands Controls sex hormones Pancreas Aids in food digestion controls blood sugar levels Respiratory System Respiratory System supplies the blood with oxygen. We inhale oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide. This gas exchange is how we get the oxygen in the blood.Common problems of the Respiratory system are Asthma, bronchitis, emphysema, and pneumonia Nasal Cavity Mouth Trachea Alveoli Lungs Diaphragm Bronchia Epiglottis Pharynx The Respiratory is lined with 3 things match them correctly. Cilia filter the air Mucous Membrane moistens the air Blood Capillaries warm the air Circulatory System Circulatory system circulates blood through the body. This is our “blood pressure,” which is the contraction and relaxation of our heart muscle. Systole = Contraction Diastole = RelaxationAverage Blood pressure is 120 / 80.Common problems are Atherosclerosis, high blood pressure, angina, aneurysm, and arrhythmiahe heart is divided into 4 chambers, right atrium and Ventricle and the left atrium and ventricle.Oxygen-poor blood, blue blood, circulates to the right side of the heart. It is sent to the lungs to get oxygen. The red blood is then sent back to the left side of the heart to be circulated back through the body. Label the parts of the heart Right Atrium Right Ventricle Aorta Pulmonary artery Left atrium Left ventricle Lymphatic System The Lymphatic system transports fluids throughout the body.The vessels carry proteins to the lymph nodes, which are filled with white blood cells that kill bacteria and other pathogens, before sending the protein back into the body.Common problems are Lymphedema, lymphoma, and cancer.LYMPHATIC = IMMUNE SYSTEMThe largest lymph node is the Liver Skeletal System The Skeletal system provides shape to the body, gives muscles a place to attach and protects certain organs.Common problems or injuries are sprains, strains, fractures, and dislocations. How many bones do we have in our body 200 206 210 skull Vertebra Radius Ulna Rib Femur Fibula Tibia Sternum Humerus Pelvis Joint point at which 2 bones come together Dislocation one bone pulls out of a joint Ligaments attach bone to bone at a joint Sprain a pull or tear in a ligament Tendons Attach muscle to bone at a joint Strain a pull or tear in a tendon or muscle Cartilage cushion between the bones at a joint Muscular System The Muscular System allows for movement, provides protection for the joints and creates heat.Common problems are strains, pulled muscles and cramps.The muscles work in pairs to keep your body moving.When one muscle contracts (shortens), the other one relaxes (lengthens). Deltoids Bicep Abs Quadriceps Pectorals Trapezius Triceps Latissimus Dorsi Gluteus Maximus Gastrocnemius Hamstrings