EXPLORE VOCAB #4: CHEMICAL REACTIONS

Master chemical reactions! Learn to name compounds, balance equations, and identify reaction types.

Fill in the blanks, describing how ionic and covalent compounds are named and written.There is WORD BANK that will appear when you click the blank. This is important because you cannot write a chemical equation (which describes REACTIONS) without being able to write and name properly. IONIC COMPOUNDSWhen naming ionic compounds (compounds formed between a metal and a nonmetal), we say the name of the metal followed by the nonmetal, but the nonmetal must have an -ide ending. If the metal is a transition metal and we do not know it's charge already (like we do for Silver, Zinc, and Aluminum), you must include parentheses and roman numerals after it's name. The roman numeral tells the reader the charge, which cannot be obtained from the periodic table since transition metals usually have varying charges they can take on when they form ionic bonds.If there is a polyatomic ion in the formula, you simply say the name of the polyatomic with no changes.-------------When writing the formula for ionic compounds, you must criss-cross the charges, which causes the number of the charge to become the subscripts in the formula. You must then see if you can simplifythe subscripts (subscripts from polyatomic ions do not get simplified). If a polyatomic receives a subscript, it must be in parentheses.COVALENT COMPOUNDSWhen writing the name of a covalent compound (a bond between a nonmetal and nonmetal), it is much simpler. You use prefixes(mono, di, tri, etc.) to report how many atoms of each element are in the formula. The only exception is to not use the mono prefix for the first element in the formula. There is always an -ide ending to the name.-------------When writing the formula for covalent compounds, you use subscripts to show how many atoms of each element are in the compound. You do not simplify the subscripts. The elements listed above, when alone (not in a compound with another element), are always written with a subscript of 2 after the symbol. Because these elements bond with other atoms of themselves in their elemental form, they are known as... Dynamite molecules Directive molecules Diatomic molecules Dinosaur molecules Atomic Notation Click on the dots and write in what appears in the space the arrow is pointing to.WORD BANK: (Must be written exactly the same as below)IONIC CHARGE, MASS NUMBER, ATOMIC NUMBER, SUBSCRIPT, ELEMENT SYMBOL IONIC CHARGE SUBSCRIPT ATOMIC NUMBER MASS NUMBER ELEMENT SYMBOL Chemical Changes in the Kitchen Watch the following video clip to review chemical change, then answer the questions below. Not all answers will be found within the video and you may need to review signs of a chemical change. A chemical change...CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY Cake Produces a new substances Can be represented in a chemical equation Involves the making and breaking of bonds Which of the following are signs of a chemical change? New odor Melting Cutting into smaller pieces Gas formed Temperature change Color change Precipitate formed I would like to make cake now. The combustion of methane is pictured below. Identify the following in the chemical equation: REACTANTS, PRODUCTS, COEFFICIENT REACTANTS PRODUCTS COEFFICIENT Reaction Types Matching Determine which equations represent each type of reaction. Synthesis Na + Cl₂ →NaCl (A + B → AB) Combustion C₆H₁₂ + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O Decomposition H₂O₂ → H₂O + O₂ (AB → A + B) Double Replacement HCl + AgNO₂ → AgCl + HNO₂ (AB + CD → CB + AD) Single Replacement Mg + HCl → H₂ + MgCl₂ (C + AB → CB + A) Redox (Reduction-Oxidation) A reaction that involves the transfer of electrons, creating an electric current For single replacement reactions, where one lone element kicks an element out of it's current compound, we must utilize the activity series list on the back of our periodic tables. A metal can only remove another metal from a compound if it is more reactive than it. Is chromium able to displace tin from a compound? Yes No Impossible to determine Is silver able to displace lithium from a compound? Yes No Impossible to Determine Look at the combustion reaction below. Notice how there is an unequal number of atoms of each element from the reactants side (left) to the products side (right). Is this a problem? Yes No Why Not? We can assume that the missing atoms were destroyed Some of the lighter elements floated away so they do not have to be included on the right side of the equation Matter is not created or destroyed in a chemical reaction- the number and type of atoms on one side of an equation must equal the number and type on the other Matter was not created or destroyed- 2 hydrogen atoms became 1 oxygen atom, which explains the difference from left to right The way that chemists complete chemical equations is by BALANCING. To do this, we add large numerals called COEFFICIENTS to the left of each compound or element in the equation, changing the number of total atoms of each element until the number and type of atoms are EQUAL on both sides. The COEFFICIENT applies to the entire compound. For example, in "2 MgCl₂" there are 2 Magnesium atoms and 4 chlorine atoms total, since this represents TWO magnesium chloride molecules.How many atoms of each element are in "3 Mg(NO₂)₂" ?HINT: How many of each atom are in one molecule of magnesium nitrite? Then multiply by 3. 3 Mg, 3 N, 6 O 1 Mg, 1 N, 4 O 3 Mg, 6 N, 12 O 3 Mg, 6 N, 6 O Have you ever seen a chemical reaction? (You have, I'm sure!) Describe it below. What questions do youhave about chemical reactions? Is there anything in particular you want to learn about reactions?