Axial Skeleton Review

Test Objectives 1) Know the bones, processes, foramens, and sutures of the skull2) Know the bones, processes, and foramens of the axial skeleton (vertebral column, vertebrae, atlas, axis, thoracic cage) Part 1: Skull Identification Lateral View Identify the BONES of the skull below. Do not write the word "bone". frontal mandible occipital parietal sphenoid zygomatic maxilla temporal lacrimal ethmoid Part 2: Skull Identification Superior View Identify the following terms: magum foramen, mastoid process, vomer, nasal, zygomatic arch nasal vomer magnum foramen zygomatic arch mastoid process Part 3: Suture Identification Identify the following sutures of the skull: squamous, coronal, sagittal, lambdoid sagittal coronal lambdoidal squamosal Part 4: Skeletal Potpourri Fill in the Blank 1) I am the opening in the vertebrae that allows passage of the nerve cord. I am the vertebral foramen.2) I am the weight bearing portion of the vertebrae that articulates (connects) with the intervertebral discs (the cartilage based discs between the vertebrae that allow you to move!) . I am the bodyportion of the vertebrae3) I am the projection on the vertebrae that create the spine called the spinous process.4) I am often called the tail bone, but my scientific name is coccyx.5) The portion of the spine that connects with the skull is referred to as the cervicalvertebrae.6) The portion of the spine that is considered the vertebrae of the lower back is called the lumbarvertebrae.7) I am the very first vertebrae of the spine known as C1 that articulates with the axis to move the head. I am called the atlas.8) I articulate with the atlas and contain a special projection known as the dens which is a pivot point for rotation of the head. I am referred to as the axis.9) I am the middle portion of the spine that articulates with the ribs. I am the called the thoracicvertebrae.10) I am the most inferior portion of the spine that articulates with the coxal bones of the pelvic girdle. I am the sacrum. Part 5: Vertebrae Labeling Label the 4 parts of the vertebrae below and the tailbone. cervical thoracic lumbar sacrum coccyx Part 6: Individual Vertebrae Labeling Label the individual parts of the vertebrae. body vertebral foramen transverse process spinous process Part 7: Special Vertebrae 1) What are the names of the special vertebrae above? Make sure to identify them correctly. 2) Where are they located in the body?3) Why does one have a large projection on it?4) How do they fit together and what do they do for the body? Part 8:Thoracic Cage Labeling Label the major parts of the thoracic cage. True ribs false ribs floating ribs xiphoid process manubrium body sternum Part 9: Thoracic Cage Fill in the Blank The organs protected by the thoracic cage include the heart and the lungs. Ribs 1 through 7 are called true ribs, where as ribs 8 through 10 are called false ribs. Ribs 11 and 12 are floating ribs. All ribs articulate posteriorly with the vertebrae and most connect anteriorly to the sternum either directly or indirectly.