Unit 7 Biotechnology Study Guide

Master Biotechnology with our study guide! Covers gene therapy, cloning, stem cells, and more.

What is your first and last name? 1. Match each term with its correct definition/ example The goal of this was to sequence human DNA (determine the order of nitrogen bases). Human Genome Project An experimental way to treat disease by inserting a healthy gene into a person who has a mutated gene. Gene Therapy The process of making an organism with exactly the same DNA as another organism. Cloning This is an unspecialized cell that does not have certain genes turned on or off yet. We may be able to use them to grow new organs. Stem Cell Used to separate DNA by size and make DNA fingerprints. Gel Electrophoresis This length of DNA strands move fastest in a gel and travel all the way to the bottom of a gel. Short This length of DNA strands move slowest in a gel and do not travel very far from the top of a gel. Long This means using technology to change the genes of living things. Genetic Engineering Looks kind of like a barcode. Created by a gel electrophoresis. Every person has a different one, except identical twins. DNA Fingerprint This is a living thing that has new DNA added to it. Transgenic Used to cut DNA. Restriction enzyme The process of adding a new gene to bacteria, like when humans added the insulin gene to bacteria to get bacteria to make insulin for people with diabetes. Transformation 2. On the gel above, which letter is pointing to the shortest DNA segment? A B C D 3. Who left an eyelash at the crime scene? Mrs. North Mrs. South Cannot be determined 4. Who is the father? Harry Liam Louis 5. Complete the statement below. Genetic engineering is the process of making changes in the DNA code of a living organism. Restriction enzymes are used to cut DNA into small pieces. There are hundreds of restriction enzymes. Each one cuts DNA a ta specific sequence of nucleotides.In a gel electrophoresis, a mixture of DNA fragments is placed in wells at one end of a porous gel. Electric voltage is applied. The negatively charged DNA fragments move toward the positive end of the gel. The smaller the fragments, the faster and farther it moves. 6. How can Genetic engineering can be used to improve the lives of humans? prevention of crime improvements in food production to produced medicines vaccines to produce microorganisms that can clean up chemical/ oil spills All of these are beneficial to humans 7. Match each term with the correct example transgenic organism contains genes from other species Genetic engineering the process of manipulating the genes of organisms Restriction enzymes used to cut DNA at specific nucleotide sequences Selective breeding method of breeding that allows only certain organisms with desired traits to reproduce